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Some questions of research activity in Kazakhstan

Abstract In the present conditions the strategic objectives of science management and evaluation of effectiveness of scientific activity can be solved by scientometric methods by quantitative analysis of bibliographic information available in databases such as Science Citation Index (SCI). The scientometric analysis can be applied to assess the level of scientific development, the productivity of individual researchers and the index of value of home periodical publications [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Unfortunately, Kazakhstan scientific publications still don’t have magazines with impact factor, which is negative factor for science development in general.

Today, Kazakhstan is relevant to the issues of expanding access to international scientific medical research through the

Table 1. Scientific organizations in Kazakhstan known database. Creation of the system of scientific medical research, according to the international principles and standards will allow Kazakhstan to achieve the goals of improving the competitiveness of the country in general and medical science in particular.

Methodology

Theoretical and methodological bases of research were from results of known databases such as Scimago.com, Scopus, Embase.com and data of the Statistics Agency RK.

The system of scientific researches in the field of health and health care represented by a number of research institutes and research centers, the main activities of which is the profile and priority areas. Table 3 reflects the number of scientific organizations in Kazakhstan from 2007 2009 [11].

Type of organization

year

2007

2008

2009

Research institutes

170

148

118

engineering, design organizations

26

30

46

institutions of higher education

133

126

114

Industry

11

11

13

Others

98

106

123

Total:

438

421

414

Note: Calculated on the basis of data of the Statistics Agency

From the analysis of table 1 can be seen on the declining trend in the number of research institutes from 170 to 118 in 2009. This was because a research has not leaded in many directions at once (as before) and there is a need for concentration of efforts and resources exclusively on priority areas, including medicine. Human resource capacity can be roughly considered as a derivative of the organizational structure of science. Indeed, the number of scientists must comply with and meet the need for personnel of all available scientific organizations. Also, Table 1 shows that in Kazakhstan the number of scientific institutions has decreased in 2009 to 414, which is the level of reduction of 24 organizations, or 5.5%. If you look at the level of reduction in the number of scientific organizations in the context of research institutes and universities, there reductions of rates are above. Thus, the number of research institutes has decreased by 52 organizations, or 30.6%, while reducing number of universities were 19 institutions, or 14.3%.

Table 2 reflects the number of scientific articles published between 1996 2010. in the various medical fields.

Table 2. Number of Kazakhstan articles published in peer-reviewed journals for 1996 – 2010 years in the various medical fields according Scimago 2010

 

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Anatomy

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

Department Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

of

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

Dermatology

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

Epidemiology

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

Gastroenterology

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

1

-

-

-

Genetics (clinical)

1

1

-

-

1

-

1

-

-

2

-

-

1

-

-

Geriatrics and Gerontology

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

Medical Informatics

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Health Policy

-

1

1

-

-

-

1

-

1

1

-

-

-

-

1

Hematology

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

1

Histology

-

-

1

-

1

-

2

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

2

 

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Immunology and Allergy

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

-

1

-

1

-

1

1

Infectious Diseases

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

2

2

1

-

2

2

2

-

Therapy

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Medicine (Miscellaneous)

3

2

5

2

2

4

4

14

14

2

3

3

3

3

8

Microbiology (medical)

1

-

1

-

1

1

-

1

-

1

2

1

1

1

2

Neurology (clinical)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

Obstetrics and Gynecology

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Oncology

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

1

-

-

Ophthalmology

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Otorhinolaryngology

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pathology Medicine

and Forensic

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

-

1

1

-

1

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

Pharmacology (medical)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

8

1

-

Physiology (medical)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

1

-

Psychiatry Health

and Mental

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

Health care, environment and occupational health

1

2

1

1

1

-

1

5

1

2

1

3

7

6

4

Lung Medicine

and Respiratory

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

1

-

-

-

1

Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

-

1

2

1

2

1

4

-

2

3

15

1

3

2

2

Rheumatology

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

Surgery

-

-

1

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

Transplantology

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Urology

-

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Scimago Lab, Copyright2010. Data Source: Scopus®

Analysis of the table shows which areas are covered by most research. Thus, the most number of publications meets in the field of medicine (various), environmental health, radiology, nuclear medicine and imaging, microbiology. Less, there are covered such areas as anatomy, anesthesiology, cardiology, urology, alternative medicine, transplantation, rheumatology, psychiatry, medical informatics, geriatrics, epidemiology, endocrinology, dermatology. At the level of peerreviewed journals in the field of therapy was not carried out any investigation.

3. Conclusion

Analysis of the development of medical science of the sovereign Kazakhstan shows a sufficiently high scientific, human resources, technical expertise, ensuring the needs of the home market, but nevertheless do not solve major national problems and not create conditions for wide implementation of research results on a market basis. Discouraging factor is the fact that Kazakhstan has no peerreviewed journals with impact a factor, and without it the entrance to the world space is closed. The submitted article does not exhaust all problems of reforming the scientific medical practice, a number of issues can cause debates, but the fact remains the same, in Kazakhstan, there must be a well-functioning national health system of scientific studies of health and health care, adequate to the advanced international developments.

Acknowledgments

I thank B. Turdalieva and Kazakh National Medical University for their assistance in writing the article.

Human Participant Protection No protocol approval was required because no human participants were involved

 

Bibliography

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International relations

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Law

Philology

Philology is the study of language in oral and written historical sources; it is the intersection between textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics.[

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Technical science