Morphologic features of the experimental tumor sarcoma 45

Experimental tumor sarcoma 45 develops in the organism of laboratory rats. It represents a very convenient model for the investigation of chemotherapy of tumors. But morphologic features of this tumor is poorly studied. Information which we discovered in the available literature is very scanty. We tried to determine the microscopic structure of the rat's experimental tumor sarcoma 45.

Actuality. Experimental tumor sarcoma 45 develops in the organism of laboratory rats. It represents a very convenient model for the investigation of chemotherapy of tumors. But morphologic features of this tumor is poorly studied. Information which we discovered in the available literature is very scanty. We tried to determine the microscopic structure of the rat's experimental tumor sarcoma 45.

Methods. For our investigation we used sixteen sexually mature laboratory rats the average body weight of which was two hundred grammes. All the animals were subjected to the intraperitoneal transplantation of the strain of experimental tumor sarcoma 45. Eight of the rats (group number one) were killed on the tenth day of the experiment, and the rest eight rats (group number two) were killed on the twentieth day of the experiment. Abdominal cavity was dissected, then the tumors were extracted and fixed in solution of formalin. Paraffin sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin. Histologic specimens were observed under light microscope.

Discussion. In the rats of the group number one the tumor is made up of densely packed cells. Mitotic figures in the cells are discovered very seldom. Hypochromic nuclei of the tumor cells are rounded and oval in shape. Cytoplasm of the cells is poorly eosinophilic.

Most of the cells, that are located within the peripheral parts of the tumor, possess distinct boundaries. They are rounded, oval, and polygonal in shape. Their diameter is 10,72Ã0,36 micrometers, and diameter of their nuclei is 6,79Ã0,31 micrometers.

Within the internal parts of the tumor the boundaries of the cells are indistinct and the diameter of their nuclei is 8,11Ã0,29 micrometers.

Tissue of the tumor is penetrated by numerous thin-walled blood vessels of different sizes. The inner surfaces of the vessels are lined by flattened endotheliocytes containing elongated nuclei. Within the tumor there are small necrotic zones that are made up of fragments of cytoplasm and nuclei of destroyed tumor cells.

In the rats of the group number two the tumor is surrounded by connective tissue capsule which consists of numerous cells and thin fibres. The thickness of the capsule is varies in different regions. In the regions where the capsule is thinnest (its thickness is less than thirteen micrometers) its structural elements are arranged densely and are directed along the surface of the tumor. The nuclei of the cells are small, elongated, hyperchromatic. Average diameter of the nuclei is 3,94Ã0,16 micrometers. As the thickness of the capsula increases its structural elements gradually become wavy and then they become directed in different directions. In regions where the capsule is thickest (its thickness achieves one hundred and eighty micrometers) its connective tissue cells contain both small hyperchromatic nuclei and bigger nuclei containing distinct masses of chromatin. Those nuclei are rouded, oval, and elongated in shape, their diameter is 6,98Ã0,3 micrometers.

The capsule is well vascularized. In those zones where the capsula is thinnest the vessels in it are discovered very seldom. As the capsule becomes thicker, the number and size of its vessels increases. From the capsule the vessels penetrate deeply into the tumor where they form dense network.

In the peripheral parts of the tumor the cells are densely packed, their boundaries are indistinct. Cytoplasm of many of the cells is vacuolated. Nuclei are hyperchromatic, their diameter is 8,35Ã0,2 micrometers. Shapes of the nuclei are rounded, oval, polygonal.

Within the internal parts of the tumor the cells are arranged more loosely. Cytoplasm in many of the cells is vacuolated. Nuclei of the cells are 10,18Ã0,4 micrometers in diameter, they are rounded, oval, or bean-shaped. They are characterized by distinct karyolemma and masses of chromatin. Each nucleus contains one to six nucleoli which are different in size. There is tendency to decrease of the size of the nucleoli within a nucleus while increasing their number. Though there are some nuclei that contain nucleoli which considerably differ from each other in size. Towards the centre of the tumor the number of destroying cells increases. Nuclei of such cells are wrinkled, and their cytoplasm is brightly eosinophilic. There are also small cavities that were formed in the places of the entirely destroyed tumor cells.

Central parts of the tumor are necrotic.

Conclusions. The tumor sarcoma 45 is surrounded by well vascularized capsule and is characterized by cellular structure. The cells show typical features in different parts of the tumor. Among the tumor cells blood vessels are found. The tumor also contains necrotic zones and zones containing wrinkled and anucleate cells.

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