The article is devoted to the consideration of the new approach to the problem of the educational policy of the youth of modern Kazakhstan. On the basis of the analysis of problems of training of the Kazakhstan youth abroad, authors of owlets a number of tasks for a domestic education system. This system should be focused on obtaining quality knowledge by the youth of the republic. The article provides a number of specific data, allowing to evaluate the activities of the state in this direction.
Formulation of the problem: This year 2019 is a unique year for Kazakhstani people, because First Head of our State N.A. Nazarbayev in his Address to the Nation dated October 5, 2012 declared that it as the Year of Youth year. The First President considers taking care of the present and future of young people as the core of their policy.
As it is known, in its traditional annual Messages, youth are committed to promoting youth policy, as young people play a significant role in the state as part of the community. It is well known that the issue of youth employment is a major issue in our country. In order to eliminate this problem in the country, "With Diploma to Village", "Business Road Map", " Employment opportunities - 2020 ", Granting of new possibilities of shelter for each family within the program "7-20-25", "Improving accessibility and quality of higher education, improving students" dormitory status programs are implemented and implemented in all regions of the country [1].
The First Head of the State pays special attention to young people, since what happens in Kazakhstan after 10-15 years is often directly related to students, young people who are educated in new conditions, because it is these generations are instructed to live and work in a new, modern Kazakhstan. What the young people of Kazakhstan want to see the First President? He wants to see Kazakhstanis, first of all, competitive and highly professional specialists. To date, the first place was taken by mastering new knowledge and getting a good profession.Today, education is one of the most important priorities of the long-term Strategy "Kazakhstan-2050". In order to implement the tasks set by the President of the country to the Republic, entering the top 30 most developed countries of the world; the sphere of education plays a significant role [2].
The main results of the study : Kazakhstan's society has now formed a completely new intellectual class, different from previous generations: a new oriented, value-based approach is aimed at achieving success through rational economic action. In this regard, in many of his meetings with the youth of the Republic of N. B. Nazarbayev often warns: "everyone should be able to work, study, live, live in the modern world" [3].
Today, the most important documents determining the state position of the youth policy implementation are: the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "on the state youth policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan" and the decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated February 27, 2013 "on the Concept of the state youth policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2020" Kazakhstan 2020: the way to the future "adopted on the initiative of the First Head of state. These normative documents clearly define the legal basis for the formation and implementation of the state youth policy at the present stage of development of the state.
In order to fulfill these tasks, Kazakhstan has created a new institutional model of process management among young people. These include the Committee on youth and family Affairs in the structure of the Ministry of social development in 2018, and at the regional level- the Office for youth policy. In addition, the research center "Zhastar" created in 2013 is an important step in the development of the state youth policy. Its activity is to provide scientific-analytical and information consulting activities of the Institute of state youth policy in order to improve the competitiveness of young people and involve them in the process of modernization of Kazakhstan.
The head of state Nursultan Nazarbayev in his Address to the people of Kazakhstan" the growth of welfare of Kazakhstan: improving the quality of income and life " noted that the trained youth studying in higher education institutions of neighboring countries.
The First President noted: "for example, why do young people go to study in neighboring Russia? Well, the situation in the Northern regions is obvious. However, in recent years have begun to step salawu and colleagues in Almaty region. Why? "Speaking of which" is an assessment of the population provided to our higher education institutions. Thinks, that in finding well. Of course, this does not require serious requirements for unified national testing. If there were not tests, solace, perhaps he will take training. However, the root cause is not. People do not believe in our universities," he said [4]. In fact, there is a growing number of people looking for education abroad, not in Kazakhstan. There are many reasons for this. First, UNT. A child who does not want to pass the United National Testing is willing to study in Russian or European universities. Secondly, the education system. That is, he wants to get a lecture from qualified, knowledgeable specialists. Third - diploma. There is a high demand for foreign higher education institutions. Is it really so?
The path to the pursuit of education today is open. The country has all the opportunities for citizens to receive qualitative education and complement the range of qualified specialists. In addition, how many Kazakhstanis are educated in the world's best universities? Obviously, it is desirable for young people to study abroad and gain experience in another country. However, some of those who have been studying abroad are still reluctant to return to Kazakhstan. In general, why are young people interested in studying in a foreign country? How much do Kazakhstani people want to study abroad?
More than 13,000 graduates of the Bolashak program since 1993 have been working in government agencies in Astana, quasi public sector, national companies, Kazakhstani private companies, foreign companies, international organizations and diplomatic missions. The Presidential Program the Bolashak scholarship holders are currently building a social base for the formation and modernization of the talented, creative Kazakhstani nucleus. Their knowledge acquired at leading foreign universities, and their experience gained in advanced research centers, contributes to the development of Astana, the formation of a special spiritual-cultural atmosphere. Today, the Bolashak program is a brand, which allows Kazakhstan to show its capital Astana in the world.
The world trend is changing now. In all countries where globalization is declining, there will be more migrations in the future. In addition, the first factor of our younger generation education abroad is the end of Kazakhstan's globalization. The second factor is the low quality of education in the country's higher education institutions. The third factor is the interest of the less developed countries to the people of Kazakhstan. The fourth factor is the social status of the population, the rising cost of training. Due to these four factors, nowadays there are more and more foreigners to get education.
We often did not hear the word "studying abroad" earlier. Today, many people overstep their boundaries and improve their knowledge. However, just as the stick has two ends, it is clear that the problem is both positive and negative. Today's youth, both parents and parents, realize that the day of education is a sophisticated day, they are looking for an effective way to pursue higher education. Unfortunately, it is much easier now to study in a foreign country rather than studying at universities in the country. At the same time, the main obstacle of graduates is the unified national testing. This can be observed from the number of students who wish to pass the UNT. For example, according to statistical data, in 2016, 120,000 graduates graduated. However, 87 thousand of them applied for participation in the Unified National Testing. 84079 school leavers took part in the test. It is worth noting that in 2017 the average UNT score is 81.2 points. Last year this figure was 79.4 points. This year, 125 graduates have collected 19 graduates. In 2018, only five school graduates have achieved 125 points. The number of children aged over 100 was 16565. During the test, 14252 graduates were not able to score 50 threshold points. Graduates who have scored higher than the UNT are now submitting documents to higher education institutions [4].
And what will be the prospects for about 33 thousand graduates who did not take part in the unified testing? We cannot say that all of them refused to receive higher education. As a rule, young graduates who want to study at universities abroad, refuse to participate in the Unified national testing. Because in order to get education abroad, Kazakhstan UNT certificates are not needed. This year, not all school graduates who did not participate in the UNT receive education abroad. In particular, within the framework of the program" business Road map-2020 "this year about 10 thousand new jobs will be created, including within the program" business Road map-2020 "and the program"business Road map-2020". Given the fact that these graduates did not try to get an education in educational institutions of the country, for young entrants, as if they were effective, studying abroad. In addition, some countries bordering our country annually allocate educational grants for Kazakhstan. For example, this year Russia will provide about 300 educational grants for young Kazakhstani students [http://ult.kz/post/zhastar-nege- shet-memlekette-bilim-aluga-kumar1]. The number of Kazakhstanis already studying in Russian universities is around 15,000. Educational grants allocated by the Russian side, lack of language barrier, and cheaper tuition fees than Kazakhstani educational institutions make it possible for the country's younger generation to move to the big cities of the neighboring country.
The people's Republic of China also does not miss the pages of Kazakhstani graduates. This indicates that many young people who want to study in China. The Chinese state currently pays great attention to educational grants allocated for foreign students. Therefore, access to the educational grant of this country will be facilitated. In addition, there are no problems with the issuance of documents to Chinese universities. That is, applicants could send documents to the Internet to the desired University and wait for a response in Chinese schools. In particular, an applicant with high academic performance has a higher opportunity to enter Chinese higher education institutions.
As you know, in any country there is support for young people. This support will continue after graduation in the world. That is, it provides employment for students who have studied under the state educational grant. Unfortunately, in our country the issues of employment of graduates are not solved. But, despite his diploma, how many young people who trust the unemployed?!
As you know, young people who studied abroad in the country, then wants to return to Kazakhstan?! And other States that do not care about young people tend to keep talented graduates [5]. Thus, qualified young professionals serve to build the capacity of other countries. Of course, countries that have received free educational grants to citizens of other States require them to return.
Therefore, undoubtedly, a significant part of those who study in foreign languages, remains in the country where the training ended. According to the Institute of education, from 15 to 35% of foreign students after graduation remain to work abroad,largely in the country where they received their education.
According to the latest data, the number of Kazakh students studying abroad exceeds 30 thousand. Such data were distributed by the Ministry of education and science in early 2016. Of these, 15 thousand students study in Russia, about 10 thousand-in China, the remaining 5 thousand-in Europe and the United States [https://turkystan. kz/article/12003-zhastar-nege-shet- memlecette-bilim-aluqa-kumar].
For applicants who do not have access to an educational grant provided by the state, there are many ways to get education abroad. For example, today in any country of the world there are educational programs that allow young people to receive education. There are not many Kazakh students who apply for such programs and get education abroad. There are not so many foreign students enrolled in various special programs and grants in our country. According to the Ministry of education and science, currently about 7 thousand foreign students study in Kazakhstan.
Fashion for studying abroad? Kazakhstan's young people seek education abroad, and the state will support this desire of the younger generation. In China, there are certain restrictions for students abroad. For the purpose of training of citizens in a year under the sky goes to training only on semi-annual or annual educational courses. Most of them are civil servants. Japan is a country with a population of more than a million per year 15 120-citizen issues a permit to study abroad. What is the secret? Why these States several times more than the population of Kazakhstan, avoid training of citizens abroad? And in Kazakhstan, the opposite is true. Now you can meet Kazakhstanis studying anywhere in the world. How much new ideas and new discoveries are brought to Kazakhstan by young people who studied abroad? All of them work in the interests of our country? But it is very important to pay close attention to young people who want to get education abroad. In this regard, in recent years, many young people are faced with various negative consequences. Places of education of young people on the topic " in search of travel to such evidence is enough, even in January, that in some of the settlements of the country.
One of the leaders among the countries that are happy to meet foreign students is China. In Beijing University of China allocated a large number of scholarships for international students. Special attention is paid to the training of Chinese language teachers. Chinese universities will receive significant funds from the government to equip the technical and administrative base, conduct research and invite specialists from abroad. A paid form of education in China does not exceed 2 thousand dollars a year. But in this country there is no knowledge or services for those who did not know Chinese.
One of the countries with a large number of choice of Kazakh students is the Czech Republic. Black tight students getting education in this country. Kazakh students studying in Czech universities are mainly trained in the Humanities, foreign languages, international relations, business [5]. In Japan, the visa regime for foreign students has been simplified, living conditions have been improved, and employment programs have been provided. The requirements for future students in higher education may vary. Somewhere need for a national common examination for admission are required to undergo special training. A mandatory requirement for all students arriving from abroad - the presence of a certificate of completion of the qualification exam in the Japanese language.
South Korea is one of the world leaders in the number of students. The universities have successfully established student exchange programs with foreign educational institutions. To increase the authority in the international rankings, the state attracts a large number of foreign professors[7]. For admission to state higher education institutions, foreign students take the unified exam and the TOPIK test (test of Proficiency in Korean) on an equal basis with citizens of the country.
Singapore's education system is the most efficient in the world. Dozens of leading universities of the world have established their branches here. The government of the country allocates significant funds for the development of education. The advantages of studying in Singapore are English, British education system, world standards of education, modern economic requirements, safety and high standard of living. In Malaysia, international standards of education are monitored by the Ministry of education. In all private and some public universities education is conducted in English, for this in Malaysia there are many foreign students, formed a multinational student environment. Thanks to the partnership programs between Malaysian and foreign higher education institutions, students will be able to obtain diplomas of the world's best educational institutions.
Austrian universities are also prestigious in the ranking of European universities. Here the quality of educational facilities and teaching staff is recognized by the whole world. In General, Austria welcomes students coming from other countries. Therefore, one third of students studying at universities in the country are foreigners. And in the U.S. education has its priorities. In the United States there are several types of specialties. Technology is perfect, there are many options: in what semester, what courses are taught, what teacher, how many hours of study, the student decides for himself. The education system is based on global trends and global values [8, p. 4 ]. In addition, the student on campus sees their own day and acquires life experience.
Today, almost all these countries have citizens of Kazakhstan. One of them is professional development and knowledge on a special state program, others-at their own expense listen to lectures in world universities.
Conclusion: The educated generation is the future of our country. Turkey is an independent country and we Kere, perhaps, only the culture of young people in the modern world thriving only from the country, the President of the country, carries. The main core of the society is young people. Due to the fact that the future of Kazakhstan among young people has a great influence on the formation of young people's high quality education, upbringing and intellectual citizen. Young people, who lived in a conscious society together with educated citizens, form a love of knowledge and kindness.
In accordance with the action plan for the implementation of the state program of development and functioning of languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2011-2020, approved by the decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated March 19, 2010 № 958, in order to implement the state program of development and functioning of languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2011-2020, And the state program of functioning and development of languages for 2011-2020, so the bright future of Kazakhstan will be formed only with educated youth!
Reference list:
- State of the Nation Address of President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev, October 5, 2018 / http://www.akorda.kz/en/addresses/ addresses_of_president/state-of-the-nation-address- of-president-of-the-republic-of-kazakhstan-nursultan- nazarbayev-october-5-2018.
- Nazarbayev NA Message of the President of Kazakhstan "Kazakhstan's way - 2050: common goal, common interests, common future". - Astana, January 17, 2014.
- Youth Forum "Together with the Leader - New Victories". - Astana, 10 April 2015 // http:// www.inform.kz.
- Aikyn Newspaper, October 20, 2018, No. 84.
- Abdraimova G. Young people are in a modern society: yesterday, today, tomorrow. - Almaty, 2016.- No. 9. - pp.36-38.
- Semikov Zh. K. Peculiarities of the formation and implementation of youth policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. - Almaty: BC, 2005. - 51 р.
- Sarsenbayev T. The political system of the Company. Introduction to Citizenship (Part One). - Almaty, 1994.
- Kangelin S. We say good-bye // Turkestan. - № 50 (544), December 16, 2004.