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Studying the action of different factors on th electrical conductivity of water

Abstract

Water is the most common substance of «our» world, but its properties Iiave not yet been fully studied. In the laboratory of nanostructuring of liquid media at the North Kazaklistan State University named after M. Kozybayev an experiment is being conducted to determine the electrical conductivity of different water samples. This paper presents the results of studies of the electrical conductivity of two types of water: flowing and boiled. The experiment was repeated with a decrease in the cooling time of the thermally treated water in order to exclude the effect of microorganisms on the composition of the water. During the experiment, it was found that the electrical conductivity of boiled water is higher than the electrical conductivity of miming water. The measurement results can serve as proof of the existence of a theory about the occurrence of non - polar monocluster Stractures in the volume of water under the influence of external overpressure.

Introduction

It is known that water in its pure form is a dielectric until impurities appear in it, which dissociate into conductive ions. The same theory speaks of the dependence of the concentration of free ions and electrical conductivity. However, there is an assumption that non - polar monoclusters exist in the volume of water (probably occur under pressure), the conductivity is low or even zero. If in reality there are such structures, then the conductivity of water should increase with different methods of its treatment. Previously, studies have been conducted showing an increase in the conductivity of water in after its treatment [1]. For more convincing evidence (there was a suspicion of microorganism interference), the experiments were repeated with a decrease in time, i.e. cooling water after heat treatment.

The experiment was carried out in the laboratory of nanostructuring of liquid media at the North Kazakhstan State University named after Manash Kozybayev. Two types of water were used for the experiments: 1) boiled water, 2) running water; electrodes, multimeters (ammeter, voltmeter), a source of alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz, two glass vessels with a volume of 700 ml.

Initially, samples were taken in different vessels boiled and running water, then left for a while until the water reaches room temperature. In this case, the vessels were located at a distance of 3 meters from each other and were isolated from sunlight. The process of removing the volt - ampere characteristic took place as follows: electrodes connected to a current source and a multimeter were placed in a vessel with cooled boiled water, gradually changing the voltage (from 2 V to 20 V), the current was measured.

For the accuracy of the experiment, measurements were carried out several times, while waiting for the electrodes to dry and only then placing them again in the water and waiting for about 30 seconds for the electrodes to wet. The same was done with running water. The obtained values were entered into an Excel document and processed data directly in it. Measurements were taken in the afternoon. Examples of measurements are presented below in tables 1, 2, 3, 4.

Table 1 The measurements were made 02.22.19 (boiled water)

Measurement number

Electrode voltage value, V

The average value of the current on the electrodes, A

Ohmic resistance, Ohm

1

2

0,08

25

2

3

0,12

25

3

4

0,156667

25,53191

4

5

0,2

25

5

6

0,24

25

6

7

0,28

25

7

8

0,32

25

8

9

0,356667

25,23364

 

9

10

0,396667

25,21008

10

11

0,443333

24,81203

11

12

0,476667

25,17483

12

13

0,52

25

13

14

0,566667

24,70588

14

15

0,606667

24,72527

15

16

0,653333

24,4898

16

17

0,696667

24,40191

17

18

0,736667

24,43439

18

19

0,76

25

19

20

0,826667

24,19355

Table 2 The measurements were made 02.22.19 (running water)

Measurement number

Electrode voltage value, V

The average value of the current on the electrodes, A

Ohmic resistance, Ohm

1

2

0,07

28,57143

2

3

0,103333

29,03226

3

4

0,143333

27,90698

4

5

0,173333

28,84615

5

6

0,216667

27,69231

6

7

0,253333

27,63158

7

8

0,293333

27,27273

8

9

0,33

27,27273

9

10

0,363333

27,52294

10

11

0,413333

26,6129

11

12

0,446667

26,86567

12

13

0,486667

26,71233

13

14

0,526667

26,58228

14

15

0,56

26,78571

15

16

0,603333

26,51934

16

17

0,643333

26,42487

17

18

0,683333

26,34146

18

19

0,72

26,38889

19

20

0,76

26,31579

Table 3 Measurements were taken on February 27, 1919 (boiled water)

Measurement number

Electrode voltage value, V

The average value of the current on the electrodes, A

Ohmic resistance, Ohm

1

2

0,086667

23,07692

2

3

0,133333

22,5

3

4

0,19

21,05263

 

4

5

0,243333

20,54795

5

6

0,29

20,68966

6

7

0,35

20

7

8

0,386667

20,68966

8

9

0,443333

20,30075

9

10

0,486667

20,54795

10

11

0,54

20,37037

11

12

0,59

20,33898

12

13

0,646667

20,10309

13

14

0,696667

20,09569

14

15

0,746667

20,08929

15

16

0,81

19,75309

16

17

0,86

19,76744

17

18

0,913333

19,70803

18

19

0,963333

19,72318

19

20

1,016667

19,67213

Table 4 Measurements were made on February 27, 1919 (running water)

Measurement number

Electrode voltage value, V

The average value of the current on the electrodes, A

Ohmic resistance, Ohm

1

2

0,07

28,57143

2

3

0,113333

26,47059

3

4

0,15

26,66667

4

5

0,19

26,31579

5

6

0,23

26,08696

6

7

0,27

25,92593

7

8

0,31

25,80645

8

9

0,343333

26,21359

9

10

0,383333

26,08696

10

11

0,43

25,5814

11

12

0,466667

25,71429

12

13

0,503333

25,82781

13

14

0,543333

25,76687

14

15

0,583333

25,71429

15

16

0,626667

25,53191

16

17

0,666667

25,5

17

18

0,706667

25,4717

18

19

0,746667

25,44643

19

20

0,79

25,31646

According to the data obtained in the course of the experiment, graphs were drawn showing the dependence of the current strength on the voltage and you can clearly see the differences in the current conductivity of boiled and running water (Figure 1, 2).

Conclusion

This experiment showed that the electrical conductivity of water after boiling increases. This suggests the possibility of the existence of a theory about neutral mono - cluster structures in the volume of water, which impede the passage of current and collapse during boiling.

 

References:

  1. 1. Sartin S.A. Mustafina Sh.T.. Cherkasova A. V., Alekseeva A. A.. «Determination of the electrical conductivity of activated water». Journal «Herald». - 2018. - № 41. _ pp 73 _ 77
  2. 2. Derpgolts V.F.. water in the universe. - L .: «Nedra», 2000.

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