BULLETIN OF THE KARAGAND A UNIVERSITY

The article aims to fill research gap and to contribute to better understanding of how the entrepreneurship has become one of the vital components of many Central and Eastern European economies, and of Lithuanian economy in particular. The paper focuses on the emergence and growth of new company during turbulent transition time of 1990s. According to Aidis and Mickiewitcz, the dynamic growth of the new private sector was driving force of transition from former plan to market economies. On the other hand, the nature of entrepreneurship in transition and post-transition countries is distinctive compared with mature market economies, in which external environment is more stable and where private business has old and rich traditions. Most of the studies tend to concentrate on the specific features, such as privatization, «nomenclature» business, institutional inefficiencies, socialist inheritances and others. However, almost neglected phenomenon is the emergence and growth of new ventures established and managed by young ambitious entrepreneurs. This field of research lacks of retrospective view and reflections on what have happened with entrepreneurship in the first decade of transition (1990 — 1999).Also it lacks new methods and approaches of investigation. Therefore, in this article we employ semiotic analysis in order to provide better understanding of how entrepreneurs reflect on and explain past events and experiences.
2015

This article analyses the current state of investment climate in Kazakhstan. In particular, attraction of direct foreign investments in the sectors of Kazakh economy is studied. Main directions of foreign investment inflow attraction and stimulation state regulation and financial control of their use have been determined. 
2015

The article considering measures of state support for agriculture adopted by Member States of CU and CES depending on the extent of their impact on trade. In view of the prevalence of trade-distorting measures special attention is paid to their structure and effect on trade. Given the urgency of the issue of subsidizing agricultural production analysis of product-specific support for agriculture in the CU and CES was made by authors. The authors conclude on the legality of the absence of intentional distortion of markets as a result of providing measures of state support by the CU and CES countries. Herewith, Kazakhstan is have to increase the amount of their own state support for agriculture, as well as improving its efficiency, which will allow competing with Russian and Belarusian producers taking into account the fact that resolve the amount of state support in the EAEU as planned will not succeed.
2015

In the article the practical aspects of using in the tourism business a procedural technology of public relations such as facilitation are discussed; the model and the basic steps of a process of facilitation were described; as one of the main tools of the facilitation process the «brainstorming» and it’s types and especially its application in practical activities of enterprises in the article are discussed in details; the classification of the facilitators, as well as those professional skills, which specialists of this profile should have were described.
2015

In this article problems are considered in a mountain production questions of organization and realization of safe conduct of works. And it must be spared especially large attention, as technological processes objectively are the source of enhanceable danger. It is the seismic works related to the production of explosive works, well-drilling with possible, not always predictable extrass, fountains and fires of oil and gas, collapses and explosions, in coal and other mines, danger of nuclear contamination at working mine of radioactive raw material etc. Already this list talks about a variety and possible heavy consequences that can happen because of violation of requirements of safe conduct of works.
2015

Marketing communications in tourism and recreation play an important role, as potential consumers should decide on purchases based on their existing views on the proposed tourism products to them, and not guided by physical, tangible examples. As a result of marketing communications today are a key element of the marketing mix in the tourism and leisure, and cover a wide range of activities. This reflects the role of the special importance of promotion aimed at developing the potential consumer attitudes towards the desired product and service representative for desired behavior. 
2015

Thus, the presence of a cluster allows domestic industry to maintain its advantage, and not give it to those countries that are more inclined to upgrade. The presences of a cluster of industries accelerate the process of establishing the factors where there is a group of domestic competitors. A cluster is a means to overcome the isolation on domestic issues, inertia, intransigence, inflexibility, and collusion between competitors that reduce or completely block the beneficial effects of competition and the emergence of new firms. All firms in the cluster of related industries are investing in specialized, but related technology, information, infrastructure, human resources, leading to a massive emergence of new firms. By now, it should be clear that our environment is becoming ever less capable of sustaining the growing impact of our economic activities.
2015

Around 5 % of the territory of Budapest is under protection by the Duna-Ipoly National Park, and 1,6 % is protected by the Budapest Municipality. In these protected habitats several Pannon endemic species  live, some species are threatened according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Presently, there are not enough financial sources to protect and manage these areas in Budapest. Therefore, the political leaders of local governments, conservationist NGOs and local communities debate about how to manage these protected areas. Furthermore, it is frequently asked why it is important to reserve these fragmented and often small areas in an urbanized area, like Budapest. The national park and the NGOs have more professional skills and tender possibilities (LIFE+, Environment and Energy Operative Program) to manage the protected areas than the local governments or Budapest Municipality, because the latter organizations receive financial resources only from the central government budget and from local taxes. Moreover thanks to protection and to professional management, we can use geoand biodiversity as tourist attractions, which can make a profit for the proprietor. 
2015

The aim of the article is to research the theoretical foundations of the formation of the hospitality industry. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research were the works of domestic and foreign scientists who deal with the problems of the hospitality industry. In the article were used monographic, abstract and logistics research methods, which are conducted on the basis of a bibliographic review of the extent of a problem, clarify the content of term «hospitality.» The result of research identified the need to consider internal and external factors of the formation of the hospitality industry in the selection of its development strategy, given rationale for the selection of internal factors. The obtained results can be used in the practice of hotel enterprises and the organization of hospitality industry, in the formation of educational training programs for specialists of tourism industry and teaching such subjects as «Hospitality», «Organization and planning of tourism activities».
2015

The article deals with the solution of the problem of forage production on the basis of linear programming and its implementation in MATLAB environment. Compiled economic and mathematical model of the problem of forage production. Matrix notation of a model of this problem is presented in Excel. With the help of special functions of the onboard optimization package in MATLAB, we solve the problem of forage production and to analyze the main results of the decision.
2015

The article considers the directions of the Kazakhstan innovation system’s development in the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union. The estimation of the level of development of Kazakhstan's NIS compared to the innovation systems of member countries is given. The indicators of competitiveness of the economies of the EEU, including the Innovation and sophistication factors of the WEF Global Competitiveness Index is provided. Strengths and weaknesses of the innovation system of the EEU are identified. The article determines the perspectives of development of the Eurasian national innovation system, which will enhance the capacities of national systems through the integration of scientific, technical and industrial potential, strengthening the links between the main actors of the NIS (government, science sector, business), focusing on the establishment of joint competitive high-tech industries. 
2015

For Kazakhstan the international projects of UN, UNWTO and UNESCO on the revival of tourism on the Silk Road are mutually enriching dialogue between the cultures of East and West and a unique opportunity for sustainable development of tourism and recreational resources and tourism industry. In the article authors claim, that the Great Silk Road is the connecting link of the tourism and economy development, the social and cultural reforming all countries — participants of the project. National tourism product «Silk Road — Kazakhstan» and the distinctive cultural heritage in its Kazakhstan territory — should be attractive tourism brand of a country and ensure the development of international tourism. 
2015

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Philology is the study of language in oral and written historical sources; it is the intersection between textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics.[

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Technical science