Biology

On the basis of statistical analysis of dynamics indicators of incidence, morbidity by diabetes among population of the Land Karaganda from 2008 for 2012 was investigated. The average annual indicator of incidence of diabetes in area is 187,2 ± 19,4 on 100 000 population, morbidity — 1500,7 ± 169,2 on 100 000 population. There are tendency for increasing numbers of incidences of diabetes as of 1 and 2 types. Indicators of diabetes incidence and morbidity were authentically more higher among urban population comparatively with country people especially is more high in compared with in compared with territory of absolute prevalence of Kazakh population.
2013

Results using of histochemical Victoria-4 method staining of insulin in pancreatic B-cells are presented by authors comparatively with results of using other histochemical methods: immunofluorescent, immunohistochemical, pseudoisocyanine and aldehyde fucshine. By authors it is shown that this method be- ing specific concerning insulin revealing in B-cells, is not high precise for quantitative measuring of insulin content in cells because not only B-cells but blood vessels and connecting tissue of islets are painted in dark colour registered by a photometer as well as blue colour of B-cells. Using of Victoria-4 method is possible for stain of various histostructures of islets that gives possibility to estimate the state of histostructure of islets not only insulin content.
2013

Contrary to many models of experimental diabetes caused by chemicals, diabetes induced by endogene synthesis of xanturenic acid (XA), a metabolit of abnormal Tryptophan metabolism, approached to human diabetes. Meanwhile in these conditions of natural developing of diabetes not in result of artificial injection of diabetogenic substances, are not investigated yet state of blood vessels and blood circulation as in exocrine pancreas tissue as in pancreatic islets. Authors showed developing in experimental XA-diabetes of numerous destructive changes of blood vessels of a pancreas, fibrinoid changes of parenchyma of pancreas tissue, dystrophya and necrosis of exocrine and endocrine pancreas tissue; necrotic changes of endothelium of arteries. In pancreatic islets: necrosis of endothelium and cells in pericapillar. Authors conclude that described changes can result aggravation of developing of diabetes.
2013

Alteration and destruction of pancreatic B-cells caused by chemicals are one of numerous causes of developing of diabetes mellitus. Authors demonstrated results of investigation of mechanisms developing of diabetes caused by some of 18 diabetogenic derivatives of 8-oxyquinolin including chemicals formed in Human as result of disturbances of metaboilsm of aminoacids. Authors proposed a few ways for prevention of diabetes developed as result of their action and proposed for possible using of method inhibition of endogene synthesis of diabetogenic metabolites of Tryptophan as more suitable way for prevention developing of diabetes.
2013

Current diabetes treatment relies primarily on hemoglobin A1C measurement to assess quality of glycemic control and to adjust therapy. Recent studies have revealed that A1C has some important limitations, and it conveys a rather complex message. This has to be taken into consideration for adjustment of diabetes therapy. To significantly improve diabetes treatment, both key metrics for glycemic control on a day-to-day basis and more advanced monitoring methods are needed. In addition to traditional discontinuous monitoring methods, continuous glucose sensing has become an indispensable tool to reveal insufficient glycemic management in patients with complicated diabetes. Several continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems, which have shown usefulness in clinical practice, are currently on the market. The widespread clinical application of CGM is still hampered by the lack of generally accepted measures for assessment of glucose profiles and standardized reporting of glucose data.
2013

Environmental contamination by heavy metals — copper, zinc, chromium, lead, mercury, cadmium, etc. formed by emissions into the environment by industry. Found that most of the metal is deposited in the range of 1-2 km from the emission sources, and 10-40 % — in the range of 8-10 km from the enterprises. Precipi­tation adequately reflects the air pollution in towns. As part of the snow, as in the accumulative indicators re­flecting specific anthropogenic load of industrial zones. Important role in the accumulation of heavy metal complexes play a secondary minerals with organic matter and hydroxides of iron and aluminum. Major role in increasing migration properties of heavy metals play water-soluble organic compound, which is associated with 60-90 % of migratory environmental metals. Understanding the processes of migration and transition el­ements from one environment to another is of great practical importance for the study of the mechanisms and pathways to human exposure, assess the degree of toxicity of the chemical elements.
2014

This article contains information about the availability of information on the State of the environment for the citizens of China. Access to environmental information was officially guaranteed in China in 2008, «the inter­im order the disclosure of environmental information, and since then efforts of many environmental NGOS aim to make this mechanism work. Institute of public policy collects official information on enterprises-pollutants and impurities and represents it on the site map pollution». In this organization now more than 80000 records, they also publish a variety of analytical work.
2014

The work purpose in the aim of preservation of biological diversity, possible full research of fund of plants is one of main objectives of modern botanical science. During experimental research was put tasks to define specific structure of mushrooms, to reveal their biogeographical distribution and a bioecological state. Work is directed on studying of biomorphological and ecological conditions of the mushrooms meeting in a neigh­borhood of the settlement of Bakhta of the Karkaralinsky area. 
2014

Currently, one of the most promising and demanded areas of microbiology is search for new strains of lactic acid bacteria to create probiotics and functional foods. Therefore, this article considers the search, selection, study and comparison of biological properties of Lactobacillus spp. cultures of lactic ferments from starter cultures (ayran) fermented in the countryside of the Karaganda region.
2014

The museum excursion is a traditional form of work with visitors. Excursion is rich pedagogical features and has perspectives for further development. Educational Excursion is a type of traditional and common form of teaching. This type of excursion involves in-depth study of the theme, systematic and purposeful work for museum visitors. Widely used in the Palace Museum of Jan III Sobieski in Warsaw in the study of biology and environmental education.
2014

Nowadays, most studies were conducted to assess effects of heavy metals to earthworms. However, there are limited data about toxicity of medical drugs to earthworms. The following study was conducted to assess tox-icity of pharmaceuticals to them. The toxicity experiment was performed according to Organisation for Eco­nomic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline toxicity test. Three pharmaceuticals (Acetamino­phen, Ibuprofen and Naproxen) were used to test their toxicity to Eisneia fetida earthworms in 0.1 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg concentrations. It was found that earthworms are sensitive to pharma­ceutical pollution. Acetaminophen caused fatality in high concentration and other pharmaceuticals deterio­rated the development of worms.
2014

Thymus serpyllum L. is a species of a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. Thymus serpyllum L. is widely used in medicine and pharmaceutics, in cookery, in perfumery, cosmetology, as a honey plant, and as an ornamental plant. As a result of the man's impact (developing of virgin lands, unregulated recreation, deg­radation as a result of grazing of cattle and other types of breaking) the area of the creeping thyme in North­ern Kazakhstan reduces noticeably. So, an important task is the development of the ways of conservation of this valuable steppe plant. The using of methods of biotechnology is one of the optimum decisions of the giv­en question. Initial explants — nodal segments of Thymus serpyllum L. — were cultivated on culture media Murashige and Skoog (MS), 1AMS, modified by Collet of Murashige and Skoog (CMS), modified Nitsch and Nitsch (NN), Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH). Modified NN medium proved to be the most favorable for culti­vation of explants of T. serpyllum L.After six weeks of cultivation of the creeping thyme on a given culture medium, an average length of shoots amounted to 7.13±0.9 cm, the frequency of rooting — 92.5 %, an aver­age length of roots- 1.52±0.4 cm. The multiplication factor was equal to 1:9.
2014

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