BULLETIN OF THE KARAGAND A UNIVERSITY

Authors showed that concentration around capillaries wall of complex Zn+2-chelator formed in result of inter­action in cytoplasm of B-cells of Zn+2-ions with diabetogenic zincbinding chelators is one of causes of devel­oped vascular changes in capillaries of pancreatic islets. These changes as alteration of basal membrane of capillaries, edema of endothelium, partial destruction of capillaries wall and hyperemia can to aggravate de­veloping of degenerative changes in pancreatic islets induced by Zn+2-chelator that result aggravation devel­oping of diabetes. Meanwhile main cause of developing of diabetes induced by zincbinding chelators is its ability to form toxic complexes with Zn+2-ions in B-cells that result necrosis and destruction of B-cells within short time.
2014

Thymus serpyllum L. is a species of a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. Thymus serpyllum L. is widely used in medicine and pharmaceutics, in cookery, in perfumery, cosmetology, as a honey plant, and as an ornamental plant. As a result of the man's impact (developing of virgin lands, unregulated recreation, deg­radation as a result of grazing of cattle and other types of breaking) the area of the creeping thyme in North­ern Kazakhstan reduces noticeably. So, an important task is the development of the ways of conservation of this valuable steppe plant. The using of methods of biotechnology is one of the optimum decisions of the giv­en question. Initial explants — nodal segments of Thymus serpyllum L. — were cultivated on culture media Murashige and Skoog (MS), 1AMS, modified by Collet of Murashige and Skoog (CMS), modified Nitsch and Nitsch (NN), Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH). Modified NN medium proved to be the most favorable for culti­vation of explants of T. serpyllum L.After six weeks of cultivation of the creeping thyme on a given culture medium, an average length of shoots amounted to 7.13±0.9 cm, the frequency of rooting — 92.5 %, an aver­age length of roots- 1.52±0.4 cm. The multiplication factor was equal to 1:9.
2014

Just within the Karkaraly state national natural Park (KSNNP) allocated 8 main habitat types pines on a num­ber of similar ecological characteristics combined into 4 groups Association pine granite hills by 8 illustra­tions. Group 1 — there is rock outcrops, devoid of soil cover. Group 2 — there is rocky-stones slopes with poor, mostly fragmentary soil cover. Group 3 — there are accumulative transit landforms with a close relative developed soil cover. Group 4 — there are floodplain permanent streams in mountain valleys with a powerful soil cover on alluvial sediments. 
2014

The message is denoted memories of the professor Alexander Leonidovich Tchizhevsky (1897–1964), founder to cosmic ecology and heliobiology, initiator of the row of the important directions in the field of sciences and technology. His name stands in one row with names Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky and Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky, which symbolize shaping the cosmic direction in of natural science. They have removed the area of the theoretical thinking and practical activity of the person for limits of the usual terrestrial measurements and geocentric restrictions, and have returned due respect solar-terrestrial factor, process and phenomenas.
2015

In the article the estimation of scientific researches and ecological monitoring soils that were executed in China is given, to study quality of soil and provide the scientific founding for creation of ecological politics. And similarly in the article given results of past and current quality reviews of soil and supervisory actions in China. And also in the article led supposition of fears concerning the second-rate concentrations of elements in soil, and ecological standards of soil and recommendation in China. Levels of contamination are in municipal soil, in mining industry used agricultural soil and soil indexes of contamination and concentration. On the ecological standard of quality of soils two organic pollutants and a few heavy metals (cadmium, Mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chrome, zinc and nickel) are educed. 
2015

There was conducted investigation of the nephritic blood circulations in different levels of the nephritic arteries of 90 patients with the 2nd type of diabetes in combination with the chronic pyelo-nephritis in the phase of exacerbation and remission. There was determined disorder of the nephritic blood circulations in the form of the nephritic blood flow velocity lowering and the increasing of the nephritic vascular resistance in different levels of the nephritic arteries, the expressiveness of which is determined by the activity of the inflammatory process in kidneys.
2015

We have investigated 20 patients with type 2 diabetes, with an average age of 58,0 ± 4,32 years, with disease duration of 6,29 ± 1,28 years. The carbohydrate metabolism was estimated: fasting blood glucose and 2 hours later after meal, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C). For the purpose of determine the safety of insulin analogues, have been studied biochemical parameters of blood before and after 3 months of therapy. The basic criterion of the safety of the therapy within 3 months of application study of insulin analogues was the number of daytime and nighttime hypoglycaemia, as well as the dynamics of body weight during the study period. Structural and functional state of the left parts of heart was assessed by echocardiography and dopplerography of transmitral blood flow.  For all  patients were assigned  insulin  analogues,  the average daily dose  was 32,4 ± 2,8 units, particularly rapid-acting insulin aspart (Novorapid) and acting insulin detemir (Levemir). Analogs of human insulin had a favorable effect on carbohydrate metabolism and reduced the incidence of nocturnal hypoglycemia. Also, there was a trend to improvement of the structural parameters and left ventricular diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes after treatment with insulin analogues. Application of insulin analogues have proven the safety of the insulin group in terms of prevention of hypoglycemia, which has a positive effect on cardiovascular events in the outcome of the treatment of diabetes. 
2015

We studied the frequency and structure of the risk factors of diabetes mellitus in 1453 respondents Karaganda region in the form of screening among urban and rural population using a scale FINDRISK. To identify factors shaping the development of the high risk of diabetes, was conducted the analysis of the socio-economic conditions, lifestyle factors, presence of chronic diseases, as well as a number of quantitative indicators such as: body mass index, waist circumference, measurement of glucose levels and blood cholesterol. The presence of high frequency (99,5 %) risk of developing diabetes among urban populations (46,3 %) and  villages of the Karaganda region (53,6 %) in the age group from 45 to 60 years. It is revealed that a high risk of developing diabetes is higher by a factor of 1.2 in the urban population of Karaganda region than in rural areas. Risk factors that determine the high-risk group, as in the urban population, and in rural areas are lack of employment, presence of hypertension, angina, lack of physical activity, passive smoking, obesity, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia.
2015

Purpose of the research — to study the frequency of occurrence of polymorphism ST gene methylenetetra- hydrofolate patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and its correlation with homocysteine levels and the devel- opment of ischemic heart diseases. 118 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 at the age of 45–60 years were surveyed. Statistically significant differences were observed frequencies of alleles of T and S, genotype SS between groups of patients with pancreatic diabetes type 2 with ischemic heart disease and tran- sferred myo- cardial infarction and healthy persons. It was found that the allele T 677 gene, methylentetrahydrofolat- reductase associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (OR=1,879, p=0,029). The combination of genotype T677 gene methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase with hyperhomocysteinemia in 2 type diabetic patients with coronary heart disease is related with other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and can have a significant impact on the course of ischemic heart disease.
2015

It is showed by authors that using of 8-para(toluenesulphonylamino)quinoline — a derivative of 8-oxyquinolin result histochemical revealing by using of fluorescent microscopy of Zn+2-ions in cells of tissue of prostate, in pancreatic B-cells and in salivary glands contains a large amounts of ions.
2015

This paper summarizes results of clinical studies in the period of years 1971–2014 as follows: (1) In persons with type 1 diabetes, effectiveness of conventional therapy with multiple doses of shortacting insulin (MDI) or continuous sucutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) was demonstrated. Dynamic training was shown to enhance insulin sensitivity and plasma HDL cholesterol, and to improve neuropathy, memory and attention. Influence of alcohol and effects of insulin on postprandial alcohol concentrations revealed similar consequences; model experiments were suggested when answering forensic questions. (2) In persons with type 2 diabetes, advantage of complementary therapy with prandial rapid acting insulin was demonstrated. In MDIpersistent hyperglycaemia, insulin pump was shown to reduce HbA1c, to diminish daily insulin dose and to improve quality of life. Benefits of incretin preparations were described. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic nephropathy were documented. (3) Perinatal mortality of newborns of mothers with diabetes decreased due to thorough diabetes and obstetric care. (4) Manual Device for Insulin injections (MADI-pen) was developed and introduced into daily routine. Its accuracy, pharmacological and microbial safety were proved. (5) «Programmed Treatment of persons with diabetes» comprising the principels of Therapeutic Patients Education of the WHO was introduced. (6) Glycaemic Index of foods was calculated using a new method with continuous glucose monitoring. (7) Intensive selfmonitoring. The accuracy and precision of various glucometers were explored. Tenpoint ambulatory glycaemic profile and continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) was introduced to practice. In persons on insulin pumps CGMS resulted in reduction of HBA1c.
2015

2,3-Dimercaptopropanol is a substance able to re-activate sulfhydryl groups of enzymes and has the property to form temporary complexes with metals, including zinc. It is also known that certain amino acids, particu- larly cysteine and glutathione also contain in its composition mole coli SH-groups. Administration of these amino acids in to animals result prevention developing of experimental diabetes caused zinkbinding diabetogenic chemicals. It is confirmed that this effect is determined by their ability to form non-toxic tempo- rary complexes with zinc in B-cells of pancreatic islets that protect cells of the destruction caused by diabetogenic chelating agents. The authors have shown that 2,3-dimercaptopropanol at doses of 60 and 120 mg/kg is able to prevent the development of diabetes in almost all experimental animals. Authors found that this ability 2,3-dimercaptopropanol is explained by its property through SH-groups included in its com- position, to form non-toxic complexes with zinc in pancreatic cells that protect cells of death.
2015

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