This article deals with the purposes and principles of teaching the fine arts, which are realized through the maintenance of discipline in the pedagogical process. The authors highlighted questions of psychology, didactics and methodology of teaching fine arts, on the basis of which it is possible to draw a conclusion about the role of art that enhance pupils' thinking and form successful experience of self-understanding of reality through practical activities in the field of fine arts.
The concept of general education schools of the Republic of Kazakhstan is shown: «The purpose of the general education schools — to educate the young generation while maintaining the continuity of the cultural heritage of mankind and national benefit and consider each student's personality, to create the possibility of all-round development».
Art is one of the important subjects for the development of the individual student. In the fine arts lessons formed ability as a set of personal goals, accuracy and diligence. Lessons of Fine Arts fosters the ability to combine the beauty of nature and the phenomenon, as well as develops aesthetic taste.
As B.G.Likhachev said: «The child grew up without a fine arts will be limited, which would stop the process of imagination».
The words of President Nursultan Nazarbayev «Cultural traditions are always a source of social transformation. Back in their historical and cultural roots, it is certainly a positive process. In Kazakhstan, given the maximum support of the development of art, culture and science». One of evidence that are born favorable prosperity of the national culture and widened road. Of course, President supports our art, we must grasp the deeper techniques of the fine arts, traditional national arts, today completely solve the formation of the basic requirements in accordance with the drawing order.
Within the walls of schools undergoing theoretical artwork with features that children need to know about decorative painting drawing from all sides. Now our attention is directed to the state spiritual richness, and to the question about the future generation. Today's students of the school, the future of our country, we must treat them as citizens taking the lead for our state. Thus, in our youth education should be of very high quality, it is necessary to identify the national and world educational system in accordance with modern requirements. In high school, along with other objects, it is necessary to form a correct view of the lessons of the fine arts, to use the best teaching skills, increase the interest of young people for the national values, our duty today to determine its goals and objectives [1].
Discuss methodological issues related to the humanization and humanization in the field of modern education, aimed at the integration of art, focusing on the aesthetic education, will be able to turn to a pedagogical strategy. The process of knowledge of the outside world and information civilization, in today's world of new information and gradually experiencing tremendous self as a means to have a concept of the world as a whole person, as a way to find their place in the art of it.
The aim of the pedagogical approach the subject of education is often the study of science, basic education, child, qualification, considered the assimilation of skills in the method of adoption growing child the world of teaching and the integrity of the complex forming personality, feel the peace, understanding of the world. The attention from the subject moves to the person, it does not reduce the role of education. Education becomes a useful tool for the formation of a creative personality. Systematic training of fine arts, we have set the task of education of young children to this [2].
Training is carried out systematically and purposefully, starting from the school of fine arts simple laws. Therefore, high quality employment, conduct interesting, and children, just because an interest in art, love the teacher, the subject directly. The subject of the fine arts, in turn, has a special place in society. The main objective of the lessons of the fine arts to children — general information on all types of fine art, the development of elementary objects, images, photographs, learn to distinguish in life good and bad teaching national art form students' national, aesthetic sense. Each student using visual art to see the beauty of the objects of the world, the beauty of nature, seeing and feeling all this beauty can develop their creative abilities. Of course, this ability and discipline of each student, is not carried out as a result of only one class, it takes time, so it is a timely process. A lesson of the fine arts that with your vision, memory, thinking and imagination is able to perform this task or display different properties of natural phenomena associated with the topic.
The quantitative and qualitative expansion of relations with educational content have already been taken, is a problem that has attracted the attention of scientists. In the process the ability to view images, dispense with the help of view it is important to pay attention. Since it is necessary to determine the ratio of the taxable object spatial object drawing. Features of the definition of auxiliary substances, you can use the display method of the space at the initial stage of training. The student took a pencil in hand, extends to the figure, measured along a pencil and paints. This way you can know about how far-near, more-less things that in the picture. The student is in the process of developing the form of the object, perspective view of the balance of the reduction, taking particular product received analyzes, compares, sums up. Thinking student increased during the execution of a specific task, to find some way of action to respond to any question. This reflects the recognition of objects and phenomena of reality and tries to show the direction of the company.
In the words of P.P.Chistyakov, «drawing-means to reflect, to think. Never paint in silence, always ask for themselves the question, otherwise the drawing is just training skills for hands» [3].
On Independence Day, it was published textbooks written in the new generation of high school of fine arts. Most of these jobs in these books the children carried out by copying. Currently, we are able to make decisions about their children, taking into account the need for education as a human, such a task will affect the development of children's creative abilities. all the way, for example, the task to draw the object 4 ways are presented in special workbooks pupils and the colors need to paint. The analysis of students work to meet this task shown, we realized that most of the students in the class are not thinking about how horrible form copied papers. The main reason is that students do not fully know what to use 4 different stages of drawing paths. During the application of additional paint line students are not fully aware about the display. Application of the laws of the additional lines can explain only a teacher, for example, during the execution of the task on the board and carefully explaining new ways. The manifestation of the student's interest in drawing, Russian scientists have proved that some children up method is beneficial. Often use the copy method to turn into a habit, it will be seen as a child's imagination, understanding, memory, processes, and individual abilities do not develop.
The famous Russian psychologist, researcher of children's drawings from the study E.I.Ignatiev children skills by copying came to this conclusion. «It is proved if in high school children are held only by the doctrine to draw up, then the children general skills are at the level of the initial coming to school, and do not rise higher».
Here the main problem. One of the highlights in the drawing improvement, create jobs, depending on the ability of students in a class, we have introduced the complex tasks in modern textbooks for special schools for the arts, children's artistic inclinations to art, in addition, violated the sequence of tasks and complicated. In order to correct the course of the preparation of new textbook issues, the authors need to know how to tie early childhood learning on the job specification. Schoolmaster understanding the scientific basis of children's drawing abilities during the assessment to take into account the natural pattern of the child possible, consideration of creativity of every child to get the image embedded in the spotlight is the most basic requirement.
Each study fine arts develops main conditions for copying an object, performs the composition on a given topic, the task in class decorative painting, between all of these should be the relationship. Implementation of these requirements at a high level, directly related to the subject teachers.
Any attempt pictorial idea is that, and is carried out by means of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization and abstraction. Analysis — this division something mentally apart, i.e. subject demolition, division signs of the phenomenon with the physical aspects, properties.
Synthesis is on the contrary of the integration between the mental parts. Lessons of «Fine Arts» — an important tool for the development of the individual student. It extends the scope of student interest, thinking and creative imagination, attention, listening, to develop artistic skills, form viable substitute emotional and aesthetic relations. In the fine arts lessons formed the valor of the individual, focus, activity, diligence, increased creative abilities. According D.Mikhacheva synthesis of art, the art of creating favorable conditions for the development of complex cultural environment. Thinker pedagogy, the author of a fundamental theory of liberal education P.F.Kopterev in his writings puts the human person at the center of the educational process.
«General education» is not the study subjects, the development of the individual items in the first person, the subject, and his interest is on the second subject — the role of the device, purpose-personality development of the personality. « High spirituality is based on the true way of forming the whole philosophical approach to the implementation of an appropriate cognitive sphere of figurative art education. The reality of the world of art as a model approach to the environment and self-understanding as a means of recognition in the world — should be the direction to consider the general pedagogical problems [4].
Today in the secondary schools, we do not create graphic literacy and personality. Today, our new society can not be limited to the level of simple literacy.
Otherwise, do not replace the value of art, socio-emotional and practical exercises will limit school events.
Kazakhstan model of national education is integrated into the world of education to meet the needs of society and individuals, especially the properties of multi-level continuing education, as well as fine art is necessary for the spiritual education of man to enter into other educational areas. At the same time, he has to take out of the world experience the best of world culture for the education and upbringing of growing generation. The overall impact on the formation of the human person, as a character, and emphasizes the role of the first concepts that emphasized the philosophers and psychologists. East scholar Abu Nasr al-Farabi said his works consist of the origins of the concept of science, rules, pre-word. Researchers Philosophy I.P.Safronov, D.I.Fomin, A.Gusseynov, V.I.Fursov and Kazakhstan famous philosophers: D.Kishibekov, A.Nyssanbayev, G.Yesim, G.Akmanbetov, U.Sydykov, A.Zhaksybekov in their work, too many opinion says about this issue.
References
- Uzakbaeva S.A. That the concepts of «culture», «ethnic culture and national culture», Almaty, 1999, p. 269, [ER]. Access mode: elibrary.kz/download/zhurnal_st/st10944.pdf
- Antoine de Saint-Exupery's. The Little Prince, Minsk: High School, 1986, 378
- Amanzholov S.A. Methods of teaching art., ENU, Astana, 2010, 320
- Ignatiev I. Psychology of graphic activity of children, Moscow: Procweshchenie, 1981, 186 p.