In this article the problems of natural use and historical objects of the Aytekebi region of Aktobe area are considered. Problems of development of tourism in the area are stated.
Aytekebi region is situated on the north-south part of Aktobe. Former Komsomol /1966-1997/, Karabutak /1936 1997/ are joined and in 1997 and formed Aytekebi region [1].
Sicily and Livan put together can be placed in Aytekebi region . The territory of Aytekebi region is much bigger than Armenia and Moldovia. Such countries as Belgium, Kuwait, Albania are also have less area than Aytekebi region [2].
It consists of 15 aul (village) and 32 districts which is stretching 35,9 sq.km. The centre of the region is located in Komsomol aul 320 kilometers from the city Aktobe. The railroad line Astana-Aktobe and AstanaAktau pass through this region. The vehicle road are considered KarabutakKomsomolskSevernyi -Zhayyla.
District is stretched into Mugalzhar mountain Ustyurt and north-south valley. Rivers: Yrgyz, Karabutak, Kayrakty, SholaK-Kayrakty, Ulytaldyk, Bala TaldyK. The main river is Yrgyz. Its length is 280sq.km in the territory of region. There are 3 water storages basin: Komsomolsk (Taldysay aul), Tikbutak (Jambul aul) Atsyz (Terensay aul) in the region. Lakes: Karakol, Sulukol, Ayke, Akbasty, Damask, Koskol, Shalbarkol, Shonai Belkopa, ShalkarKarashatau. Chains: Tikelitau, Saryoba, Karaadyr, Karashatau, Zhylandytobe, Baykat, Taktak, Star. Sands: Bayzhankum, Mamytov, Zhideli, Akku [1]. Aytekebi is one of the territories of Aktobe region where 100% of aul (village )people inhabited. The industry is not developed in the region. The main part of population work on agricultural works. Exception is the railway Khromtau-Altynsarin where were built houses, and local people were provided with jobs.
The role of tourism is great in developing region There are a lot of work for the development of foreign tourism are done. Of course it takes a lot of time and money, because you need to identify all the historical sites, build new routes and investigate them.
The peculiarities of the geographical names are depend on the reason that this territory was at the distance both railway and administration centre and tsar Russian couldn’t reach this territory. The people didn’t want to inhabit there. The event at the XVIIXIX centures during the reigh of Abylkhairkhan and Kenesary is seared into the memory of the region.
The place on the bank of the river Olke and Kabyrga where Abylkhairkhan was buried was called “The tomb of Khan”, but from archive data 1841 it is known that Kenesary Kasymov took part in the strike there.
The ancient Karabutak, Ungirtas, Shalkarkol, Aike lakes are the best sightseeings for tourists [2].
The following places areconsidered historical and cultural places:
- In ancient Karabutak ruins there is sigh in a stone,which reminds poet’s life in exile. There is also a monument of the Ukrainian poet T.G. Shevchenko.
The monument was put to one of the Kazakh statements Aytekebi in Karabutak village 2005. In 15 districts of the region was put monuments for the people who died during the World War. There are a lot of places, tombs, buildings which need in fixing. Among them Sahabai (ХІХ) , Sengirbai (middle ХІХ c.), Keper (second half of the XIX c. ), Картабай (second half of the XIX c.), Abdibai (ХІХ c), Burshakbai (1857), Zhanys (ІХ g), Baidabyl (the beginning of the XXc. ) places, tombs which were built in the middle of the ХІХ century Nurseyit, Karabas saint, Shybin and the chan of Orta Zhyz Abylkhairkhan tomb. The place Samrat in Zhabasak was built in 1909, Mosque Kultas in Belkopa was rebuilt in 2006, tomb of Sary Ishan was the place where the people come to pray.
During the reign of Altyn Orda Baksays Saint was the first genius man who came there and built the mosque. The place where was buried saint is clean in the highlight, on the bank of the river Baksaiys. This place is rich in seas and lakes, water is clean and fresh, it begins from Irgyz river in Kakpatas side, the lower reaches of the river Shot, Zhosy, Ashykol, Shilder, Baksayis. They say, the water was fresh in the lakes Aktasty, Aibala, Kulbatyr , Aikanyz, because of there were a lot of spring-wells that time. The sandy places, especially Akkum, Mamyt, Kumshyk in this territory are very important for the Kazak people who were busy with cattle farm there. The meaning of the name «Mamyt» is from arab origion «praise».
Akkum is the most beautiful place where were built a house surrounding with birch by Samurat and Toremurat . This place is also famous with abundant harvest garden. The name “Akkum” was given because of its congenial nature .
«Bylkyldak» is the marvy place where were saint Ramankul and Maral ishan buried. One of the peculiarities of this place is when one dig this territory 1-2 meters, you can get a fresh water.
Ungirtas is situated in Karabutak area. It is a stony place and it is famous with 100 meters cave and river which flows as waterfall. They say, the cave was big, and it was a hiding place both for our ancestors, warriors of Kenesary and for enemies. The place is best for developing pot-holing tourism. Karashatau is situated in 70 km from the region on 239 meters high above the river [4]. There are a lot of places in Aytekebi region, where Kenesary fought with enemies such as; ” Nauruzbai”, “Koilybai”, “Basykara” and etc.
The tomb of khan is a place where Abylkhair Muhammed Gazi was buried (1693-1748) . N.Ryskova describes the tomb as : «The tomb of Khan Хан is built with unburned brick and the roof is build in a form of dome. This place is saint for Kazak people. There is a big tree outside the tomb. The people who came to pilgrimage, tie the cloth/shred to the tree [2]. In front of the tomb there is a surrounded place 12x12, where pilgrimages gave sadaka (sacrificial offering) [3].
Thus,the above mentioned historical objects are without saying will be excursion route in future.
To develop tourism one should solve the following problems.
- To develop infrastructure;
- To protect environment , natural resources;
- To provide communal services;
- To improve the quality of service;
- To set up new program for developing the tourism.
Reference
- Encyclopedia of Aktobe, Aktobe, 2001, 294p.
- Musayev A.M. Ethnic and cultural district of Aytekebi region Aktobe, 2006. 353 p.
- The program of district development plan of Aytekebi region for 2011-2015, the village of Komsomolsk, 2011.
- The monitoring of district development plan of Aytekebi region for 2011-2015, 20112011-2015, Aiteke, 2011.