Abstract: the Problem of the ecological state of air space is a global and very important one. The article considers the issue of creating an information system for selecting equipment for cleaning the air space of Almaty. This information system will allow you to collect analytical data for further use in the design of physical systems for cleaning the city's airspace.
The World Health Organization (WHO) called polluted air in the world “new tobacco” and stated that a simple act of breathing kills seven million people a year. Kazakhstan is already on the list of countries with high air pollution and the situation in certain regions of the country exceeds the standards by 10 times.
The first capital of Kazakhstan, now the country's largest city - Almaty - is geographically located in the pit. When it was designed at the beginning of the XIX century, architects expected that a wind rose would work here - the streets were well purged from the mountains. But at the beginning of the XXI century, buildings rapidly began to grow upwards and high-rise buildings completely blocked the movement of air currents.
The problem of air pollution in the city of Almaty at the moment, as never before, is relevant, exciting and important.
The level of air pollution by harmful particles is usually measured in micrograms per cubic meter. The level of air pollution in Kazakhstan is slightly higher than the permissible norm - 10 μg / m3 and amounts to 13 μg / m3
According to the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO), the average annual level of air pollution should not exceed 10 μg / m3, and the average daily level should not exceed 25 μg / m3. During the heating season, in some areas of Almaty, the level of air pollution exceeds WHO standards by 10 or more times.
The problem of polluted airspace leaves no one indifferent. Many organizations, both private and state, environmental activists and ordinary residents of the city actively sound the alarm, share smog photos or talk about the deterioration of their physical condition, and also try to take possible local steps to clean the air.
We should to understand that only discussing and initiating these questions is not enough and it is important to understand that the process of healing our beautiful city is a long and painstaking one. But in case of successful implementation, it is very important not only for residents of the Southern Capital, but also for the whole of Kazakhstan.
Therefore, we propose the project "Information component for the selection of equipment for cleaning the airspace of the city of Almaty." This system will allow you to collect data from a number of instruments that measure the level of air pollution. Data from the sensors are currently displayed in the airkaz.org service. The site in real time shows the level of fine particles or FP 2.5 in the air, which, unlike other particles, easily penetrate the human body and cause harm.
The implementation of the project will include parsing data on harmful substances and further distribution of these data by city districts, storing in a single database with fixing dates, identifying the main sources of pollution, determining the level of air pollution in Almaty city districts.
The estimated time of the project from the moment of launch is primarily a year.
The macro goal of this project is to collect statistical data, analyze these data, draw conclusions on the current environmental situation in the city and country, as well as select air purification equipment based on the information collected.
The equipment implementation phase is directly the physical and second part of the project. For this stage, you must first have the following information: the system will need to collect and analyze the market for existing equipment that is used in world practice in projects of this type.
An analysis of this stage will allow us to right assess whether it is worthwhile to produce equipment directly locally or whether it is possible to purchase this equipment from the outside.
In this case, the analytical capabilities of the system directly affect the optimal costs of the project. Because the results of the project, the functional resources will be adequately distributed in the city districts, equipment and “where to buy it” will be selected, and potential results and impact on airspace cleaning will be formed, and the approximate time needed to implement the entire project.
Conclusion: Human activity has already reached a level of development at which its impact on nature takes on a global character. Natural systems - atmosphere, land, ocean, - as well as life on the planet as a whole are exposed to these influences. Therefore, it is important for every person in the city, state and the world to understand that he can both “break” and “fix” the current situation. Each of us can contribute to helping our planet, and information systems will help organize and structure this process.
Список использованных источников:
- .https://www.zakon.kz/4466860-vopros-zagrjaznenija-vozdushnogo.html - Вопрос загрязнения воздушного бассейна Алматы остается актуальным
- .https://vtorothodi.ru/ecology/ochistka-vozduxa - Промышленная и бытовая очистка воздуха
- 3.https://tengrinews.kz/news/vozduh-almatyi-chem-myi-dyishim-392595/ - Воздух Алматы. Чем мы дышим?