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Factors promoting emotional burnout of nurses in anesthesiology

Relevance of the study.Emotional Burn-Out Syndrome (CMEA) is an organism’s response to prolonged exposure to medium-intensity occupational stress. It exhibits symptoms of emotional, mental exhaustion, physical fatigue, personal isolation and reduced job satisfaction [1,2]. According to European studies, the risk of developing emotional burnout syndrome in health professionals ranges from 2.4% to 72%. 42% of nurses have a high level of emotional exhaustion [4]. One of the most difficult among medical staffs - both physically and emotionally - is the work of the medical personnel of resuscitation and anesthesiology departments. Patients in intensive care and intensive care are generally in a serious or extremely serious condition. There is a high risk of death among them. Middle-level medical personnel are with patients almost permanently, and must always be prepared for the development of any critical situation. In the event of the death of the sick, it is the staff of these departments who have to «take on» the emotions of the relatives and relatives of the deceased, and sometimes their claims. All this leads to a high risk of developing emotional burnout syndrome in this category of staff and the need to develop preventive measures [2,3].

Purpose of the study.Identification of factors contributing to the emotional burnout of anaesthetic nurses Objectives.To identify the presence and severity of occupational burnout syndrome in nurse anaesthetists; Identify the most significant risk factors for emotional burnout in anesthesia nurses:

Materials and methods.A sociological survey of nurses was conducted on the basis of the department "Anesthesiology" of the Vakhidov Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Centre of Surgery. A total of 48 nurses were surveyed. Of the respondents, 44 were women. (91.7%) and 4 were men. (8.3%). They have a family of 39. (81%).

We used the method «Professional burnout» K.Maslach (adaptation of N.E. Pivyanova and E.C. Starchenkova). The questionnaire has three scales: «emotional exhaustion» (9 questions), «depersonalization» (5 questions), «reduction of personal achievements» (8 questions). The answers of the subject are evaluated: 0 - «never», 1 - «very rarely», 2 - «rarely», 3 - «sometimes», 4 - «often», 5 - «very often», 6 - «every day».

Results.We took into account the following characteristics: sex, professional qualification, marital status, age, length of service. The largest numbers of nurses (56.3%) are in the age groups 20-30 years and 31-40 years and 12 persons. (25%) are between 41 and 50 years of age and 9. (18.7%) are between 51 and 60 years of age. Ten (31.3%) nurses have a professional career of up to five years. Most 24 nurses (50.0%) have a five- to 20-year experience. Nine nurses (18.7 per cent) have been in the profession for over 21 years.

The distribution of nurses by degree of formation (expression) of emotional burnout syndrome was as follows. Of these, 66.7 per cent (32) showed no signs of emotional burnout syndrome (low degree of emotional burn-out syndrome). That is, they were highly stressful, emotionally balanced and self-confident. The average degree of emotional burnout syndrome was found in almost one in five sisters (18.8 per cent). In these cases, stress tolerance was reduced, and there was evidence of emotional instability and a propensity for mood swings. In (3), 6.2 per cent of nurses developed the syndrome (high burnout). Their level of stress tolerance was low, and there was emotional tension, which tended to increase, uncertainty and frequent mood swings. Finally, in 8.3% (4) of the

cases, emotional burnout syndrome (extremely high burnout) was fully formed, with manifestations such as increased fatigue, reduced mental efficiency, multiple manifestations of body discomfort, Irritability, heightened conflict.

The severity of the syndrome increases with the age and seniority of nurses. Nurses under 40 years of age had a low burnout rate, while those over 50 years of age had a relatively high degree of emotional burnout syndrome. With up to 5 years of service, the syndrome was never formed in all cases (low burnout). For 5 to 20 years of service, 56.3 per cent had a low degree of burnout; 35.4 per cent had an average; and 8.3 per cent had a high degree of burnout. With more than 20 years of service, one third (33.3 per cent) of cases had moderate severity; 16.7 per cent had high severity and half (50.0 per cent) had extremely high severity.

Conclusion.Almost a third (35.4 per cent) of the nurses in the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit has some degree of emotional burnout syndrome. The incidence of this syndrome increases with the age and seniority of the sisters. Primary prevention, early detection and timely correction of the manifestations of emotional burnout syndrome are a significant problem in the system of measures aimed at preserving the health of medical personnel.

References:

  1. Квалификационная характеристика специальность – анестезиология и реанимация [Kvalifikatsionnaya kharakteristika spetsial’nost’– anesteziologiya i reanimatsiya] The link is active on 19.11.2021
  2. Christina Maslach, Michael P. Leiter The truth about burn-out: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it. - San Francisco, Jassey - Bass publishers - 2008. - 200p. The link is active on 09.11.2021
  3. Inakov, S. A., Mamatkulov, B. B., Kosimova, K., Saidalikhujaeva, S., & Shoyusupova, K. B. (2020). Social and Demographic Characteristics of Elderly and their Lifestyle in Developing Countries: On the Example of Uzbekistan. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 14(4), 7418-7425.
  4. Saydalikhujaeva, Sh. Kh., Rustamova, Kh.E. (2021). THE SYNDROME OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT AMONG ANESTHESIOLOGIST NURSES.// Journal of Medicine and Innovations, 2, 9 URL:

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