Humanitarian aspects in teaching of medical students

Summary

The modern world is experiencing a period of globalization - the era of comprehensive unification of humanity in the space of information and communications. The improvement of higher education should be carried out within the framework of integration projects and international integration of higher education.

Key words: professional education, medical education system, teacher to tutor position.

The introduction of the state educational standard of higher professional education had a significant impact on the educational process - the requirements for the results of mastering basic educational programs (BEP) in the competence approach there was changed students' individual work and the role of the teacher from the position of teacher to tutor position. The main goal of the development of the medical education system is a new educational standard which is the preparing a specialist for individual medical practice of the material and technical equipment of health care. The basic criterion for assessment the quality of medical education is professional competence as «the integral characteristic of a specialist, which determines his ability to solve professional problems and typical professional tasks which arising in real situations of professional activity with using his knowledge and life experience, values and inclinations».

Humanitarian disciplines represent the whole system of the sciences devoted to the person and his environment and also the internal nature. From school it is important to give to the pupil knowledge of how it is important to be a part of this world, this society in which he lives. Teaching humanitarian disciplines in higher education institutions – to the people passing into adulthood and facing at the crossroads a wide choice of lifework is considered especially important. Psychology, philosophy, sociology, history, the standard of speech – the best and important friends to the student in his decisions. These disciplines are marked out not casually, they are intended not only for "expansion of an outlook".

The modern world endures the globalization period — an era of comprehensive association of mankind in uniform space of information and communications. Therefore, improvement of the higher education needs to be carried out within integration projects and it is, first of all, about the international integration of the higher education. Owing to these reasons, education from category of national priorities turns into category of world priorities.

The main purpose of development of a system of medical education in the light of introduction of the new educational standard is formation of the expert ready to independent medical practice in the conditions of the modern level of material equipment of health care.

The professional competence as "integrated characteristic of the expert which defines his ability to solve the professional problems and typical professional problems arising in real situations of professional activity with use of knowledge and life experience, values and bents" acts as basic criterion for evaluation of quality of medical education in this case.

One of the main directions of development of modern world pedagogical science in general is formation of a humanitarian paradigm. The humanitarian aspect of medical education reflects a paradigm of humanitarian problems of professional activity of the doctor - it is also problems of relationship with patients, members of their families and colleagues, and questions of the medical right, a problem of complete approach in prevention and treatment of diseases, aspects of influence of discoveries on safety and improvement of human health, a problem of exchange of the best professional experience, etc.

It should be noted that humanitarian training of the physician has to differ from humanitarian training of the expert of other profile. In the light of teaching humanitarian disciplines to foreign students for the teacher of medical school as intermediary in the course of the student's inсulturation the major are such categories as language, culture, family and ethnic origin.

Into the forefront, along with professional thinking, demands to humanistic professional consciousness and the identity of the expert as to the person taking a special position — a position of relief action, personal responsibility and participation in the fate of the patient are made. For this reason the system of medical education included disciplines which subject is the person and society — such as philosophy, cultural science, bioethics, etc. For example, the student foreigner can illustrate the importance of philosophy for future doctor with one of examples: the doctor has to realize that in the course of granting a true information to the patient an important role is played by such problems as understanding by the patient of the obtained information, his competence and achievement of consent concerning treatment. Process of the choice of the person is influenced by many factors among which the prevalence at the individual of rational or mythological type of thinking is defining. Patients with rational type of thinking adequately perceive information on a condition of the health, understand all measure of responsibility and try to achieve positive results in the course of "therapeutic cooperation" with the attending physician. Patients with the prevailing mythological type of thinking ignore common sense and treatment methods checked by medicine. That is we come to conclusion that the doctor of features of philosophical attitude of the patient depends on knowledge both methods, and result of the treatment elected by the doctor.

Oblivion moral components of medicine threatens society with thoughtless and uncontrolled introduction in practice of new technologies which use is connected with uncertainty of consequences and danger of impact on life of the specific individual and all society. Humanitarization of the higher medical education sets as the purpose formation is moral also spiritually developed person — future expert, regardless of his national and cultural identity, ready and capable to harmoniously combine education, professionalism, spirituality, moral good breeding; it is the process directed to assimilation by the identity of humanitarian knowledge, humanitarian culture, humanitarian potential of medicine. The introduction of the state educational standard of higher professional education had a significant impact on the educational process - the requirements for the results of mastering basic educational programs (BEP) in the competence approach there was changed students' individual work and the role of the teacher from the position of teacher to tutor position. The main goal of the development of the medical education system is a new educational standard which is the preparing a specialist for individual medical practice of the material and technical equipment of health care. The basic criterion for assessment the quality of medical education is professional competence as «the integral characteristic of a specialist, which determines his ability to solve professional problems and typical professional tasks which arising in real situations of professional activity with using his knowledge and life experience, values and inclinations».

The humanitarian aspect of medical education reflects the paradigm of humanitarian problems of a doctor’s professional activity - the problems are the relationships with patients, with their families and colleagues, issues of medical law, problems of a holistic approach to the prevention and treatment of diseases, aspects of the impact of scientific discoveries on safety and improvement of human health, problems of sharing best professional experience, etc.

Teaching of humanities to students of a medical university, such categories as language, culture, family and ethnic origin become most important for teachers. Along with professional thinking you can see demands on the humanistic professional consciousness and personality of a specialist as a person who occupies a special position - the position as assistance personal responsibility and participation in the life of the patient. That is why the medical education system includes disciplines that focus on people and society — such as philosophy, cultural studies, bioethics, etc. For example, a foreign student can illustrate the importance of philosophy for a future doctor. Doctor must understand the competence and the importance of patients` consciousness.

In conclusion, I would like to note that the medical specialty is formed on the basis of moral principles, has moral meaning and is filled with moral meaning. Oblivion of the moral component of medicine society with the thoughtless and uncontrolled introduction of new technologies into practice, the use it to the danger of the life of a particular individual and the whole society. Humanitarization of higher medical education aims at the formation of a morally and spiritually developed person - a future specialist, regardless of his national and cultural affiliation and able to harmoniously combine education, professionalism, spirituality, moral education.This process is aimed to assimilation humanitarian knowledge, humanitarian culture, and the humanitarian potential of medicine.

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