Annotation
The article presents the results of the merchandising analysis of the Turkestan Motherwort herb. It is determinedregulatory requirements on purity and quality of medicinal plant raw materials of Turkestan Motherwort herb in the form of numerical indicators: humidity, total ash, ash insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid.
Key words: medicinal plant raw materials, Turkestan Motherwort, numerical indicators, ash content, humidity.
The natural flora of Kazakhstancharacterized by a species diversity, and at the same time,there are more than 6 thousand plant species, among which 667 are endemic, and most of themhave not been studiedyetfor the content of biologically active substances [1].
Currently, the search for new sources of biologically active substances, the creation on their basis environmentally friendly, low-toxic, highly effective drugs of a wide spectrum of action, is an actual problem. Among the large variety of medicinal plants of the domestic flora, a plant of the motherwort type, namely the Turkestan Motherwort, is of undoubted interest.
The purpose of our research was to identify the humidity and ash, through the study of raw materials –Turkestan motherwort herb.
Research methods. To determine the total ash content, the ash insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid, humidity, and methods used by the XIState Pharmacopoeiaedition [2, 3].
Experimental part: We carried out the study of the humidity and ash content of the studied Turkestan Motherwort herb. Under the humidity of raw materials understand the loss in the mass of raw materials due to hygroscopic moisture and volatile substances, which is detected when drying the raw materials to constant weight.
The humidity content of medicinal plant raw materials serves as one of the numerical indicators characterizing its high quality, medicinal plant raw materials should not contain moisture above the permissible norms, since conditions increase in moisture content during storage are created to reduce its quality. For most types of medicinal plant materials, the permissible limit of moisture is 12–15% [4]. Humidity was determined by drying method (table1):
Table 1 - Data used in the determination of humidity
|
№ |
Constant m of crucible |
mof cruciblewith plant raw materials |
m of plant raw material |
mof crucible after drying |
m ofdrying |
|
1. |
48.69 |
51.67 |
2.98 |
51.46 |
2,77 |
|
2. |
49.24 |
52.23 |
2.99 |
51.94 |
2.,70 |
|
3. |
48.71 |
51.48 |
2.77 |
51.55 |
2.88 |
In plants, including medicinal, along with organic minerals are contained, the elements of which are found in the ashes when they are burned. Minerals are often regulators of life processes occurring in plants, and, obviously, in some cases have a therapeutic effect. The content of mineral substances in plants may vary depending on the composition of the soil, humidity, biological features, etc.
Mineral elements, according to their content in plants divided into macroelements, microelements and ultra - microelements. Mineral elements have a great importance for the vital activity of the plant, and consequently, of the human body, since plants (in the form of fruits and vegetables) serve as the main supplier of mineral substances.
The total mineral content in medicinal plants is judged by ash, the amount of which varies widely (from 3 to 25%) depending on the type of raw material. Ashes are distinguished: general and insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid [5].
All ash dissolved in acid is considered to be the natural ash content of plants, and it is precisely its composition that is typical for the evaluation of medicinal plants as a source of macro- and especially trace elements.
Plant raw materials ash is the residue of inorganic substances, obtained after burning the raw materials and subsequent calcination of the residue to constant weight.
Plant total ash consists of a mixture of various inorganic substances found in the plant itself and mineral impurities (earth, sand, pebbles, dust) that can get into the raw materials during collection and drying. The amount of ash in vegetable raw materials varies within certain limits and depends on the specifics of the raw material itself, and the method of its collection and drying condition. (Table 2)
The ash residue was determined after combustion and calcination, maintaining it at a temperature of 500 ° C to a constant weight. (Table - 3) The average ash residue was 5.68%.
Table 2 - Data used in the determination of total ash
|
№ |
Constantm of crucible (in g) |
m of crucible with plant raw material (in g) |
m of plant raw material (in g) |
mof crucible with ash (in g) |
mof ash (in g) |
|
1. |
76.61 |
79.61 |
3.00 |
76.9518 |
0.9518 |
|
2. |
69.6 |
72.6 |
3.00 |
69.6101 |
0.6101 |
|
3. |
71.3 |
74.3 |
3.00 |
71.6309 |
0.3309 |
Table 3 - Data used in the determination of ash insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid
|
№ |
Constant. mof crucible (in g) |
mof ash (in g) |
mof filtrate (г) |
m of crucible with filtrate (in g) |
m of ash insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid |
|
1. |
76.61 |
0.9518 |
1.13 |
77.89 |
4.8 |
|
2. |
69.6 |
0.1421 |
1.21 |
70.73 |
3.3 |
|
3. |
71.3 |
0.3309 |
1.19 |
72.49 |
4.1 |
The results of the study. Thus, when carrying out merchandising analysis, the regulatory requirementson purity and good quality of medicinal plant raw materials of Turkestan Motherwort in the form of numerical indicators were determined: humidity, total ash, and ash insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid.
Table 4 - Indicators for determining the numerical indicators in raw material of the Turkestan Motherwort
|
№ |
Indicator |
Results |
|
1 |
Humidity |
6.69% |
|
2 |
Totalash |
5.68% |
|
3 |
Ash insoluble in 10% HCL solution |
3.3% |
It was found that the ash content of TurskestanMotherwort was 5.68%. Ash insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid solution is equal to 3.3%.
Conclusions:
On the basis of the conductedresearch, numerical indicators have been developed for Turkestan Motherwort herb: humidity - not more than 7%; total ash - no more than 6%; ash content, insoluble in 10% hydrochloric acid - not more than 4%.
Literature
- G.E. Pronchenko Medicinal herbal remedies. - M .: Geotar-Med., 2002. - 285 p.
- USSR State Pharmacopoeia: Issue 2 General methods of analysis. Medicinal plant raw materials / Ministry of Health of the USSR. - 11th ed., Ext. M .: Medicine, 1990. - V. II.
- USSR State Pharmacopoeia: Issue 2 General methods of analysis. Medicinal plant raw materials / Ministry of Health of the USSR. - 11th ed., Ext. M .: Medicine, 1987. V.I.
- Workshop on pharmacognosy. Publishing house NUPh., 2004.- 426p.
- A.A. Sorokina Guide to practical classes in pharmacogony. - Moscow: Moscow., 2007 – 61p.