Relevance. The modern system of medical education should be built on giving students the opportunity to reflect, compare, formulate and argue their own point of view [2]. The most difficult task for the teacher of anatomy, which is necessary not only to form students deep and long-term knowledge of the subject, but also to teach them to associate anatomical knowledge with practice, develop clinical thinking [1]. Since the modern world community, the most effective in medical education is recognized by integration or the so-called tri-unity: theory, practice and science. Therefore, studying the opinions of students, their needs and suggestions are the most effective method in improving the quality of teaching the subject.
Aim. Studies place and role of Anatomy in Medical Education through students’ eyes.
Materials and methods of research.The studywas approved by the Local Ethical committee. Informed written consent was obtained from each member. The research team included:Teachers of the Department of Normal and Topographic Anatomy,Specialists of the Center for Psychology of the University,Specialists of the Quality Department, Students from the Student Self-Government Department.
Participants sampling: The study participants were 1033 General medicine faculty members - who had been lecturing to second year medical students from September 11 to October 13, 2017 at the West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov state medical university .
Instruments: The survey instruments included a questionnaire and interview among the focused group. The students were offered anonymous questionnaires with 20 questions. The questionnaire was largely divided into the two characteristic:
Defining students' opinions about medical subjects and the importance of anatomy
Opinions on the preferences of teaching methods
Result and discussion. According to the first characteristic, the question “What is the most difficult and difficult to learn?” 62% of students noted the most difficult Anatomy, followed by physiology and biochemistry. In this survey, conducted in 2013, showed that the subject was considered difficult 78%, then called Histology, medbiology. (96% was based on the results of a general questionnaire). At the same time, 100% agree with the statement that "Anatomy is the basis of all medical sciences. Without knowledge of anatomy - it is impossible to understand the clinic? ".
“To study, which subject does it take you a lot of time?” Here again, 68% of students show that the greatest preparation time is spent on the study of anatomy. The complexity of comprehending the subject not only of anatomy, but also of other basic disciplines, shows that students enrolled in a medical university are exposed to stress. And we found that the adaptation among students is long and takes 1.0-1.5 years.
On the second type of questions, the following results were obtained: According to the next question “What should be, in your opinion, an examination (or a differential) on anatomy: written or oral form? (Necessary to emphasize) Why?” 62% of respondents preferred to take an oral examination. 28% written examination - i.e. testing. In this study in 2013 showed that 59% do not choose an oral examination. In our opinion, these indicators prove once again the complexity of the subject [2].
The next question: “Do you need natural (wet) preparations in anatomy classes?” 96% of the students answered positively. Why 4% do not want to use it was not possible to find out, since in interviews in focus groups there was no refusal of natural preparations and 4% were "lost".
The next question: “Is it worth it, in your opinion, to introduce innovative teaching methods in practical classes: presentations, multimedia slides? Or are the classical methods of teaching (on preparations) more understandable, available in the study?” 54% of students chose the classical method, prefer the study of anatomy on drugs. Why 46% for innovation? We think that they are interested in new technologies, gadgets. 51% of students prefer to listen to lectures in which the lecturer, in addition to the presentation, uses the board and chalk.
Question: “How, in your opinion, there should be a passing SSW on anatomy: in writing, orally? What SSW would you like to offer?”In the present system of our education there are classes called - independent work of the student, aimed at independent study of subjects and their delivery. 100% of students definitely do not want SSW, but since we cannot cancel them, we were asked to choose a view.
“In your opinion, how many years or months are needed to study a long course of anatomy?”
This issue is interesting because 99% decided that a period of less than a year is not enough to study anatomy. “How much time do you spend studying (preparing) one topic?” And at the same time, 45% of students spend more than one day studying only one topic.
On a question of a choice of a trade” Is the medical university chosen by you personally or at the insistence of the parents?” All the same, 85% of students came to medicine of their own free will. The opinion of their parents influenced 8%.
Thus, this study showed, in general, our advantages and disadvantages, sets a certain benchmark for improving work.
Conclusion. A detailed analysis of the results of the survey, allows you to review the shortcomings in the quality of teaching, modernize the program, strengthen the importance of learning the subject, the possibility of developing the most effective training programs, the introduction of the most accessible and interesting methods.
References:
- Bolshakov O.P., Education of students of the elements of professional competence in the process of training operative surgery and topographic anatomy. Morphology, 2011, Vol. 139, no. 2, p. 89-91.
- Zhurabekova G.A., Zharilkasynov K.E., Rakhmanov S.B., The experience of teaching Anatomy in the West Kazakhstan Medical University named after Marat Ospanov, Morphology, 2013, Volume 143, №3, p. 85.