Comparativeanalysis of development of telemedicine in Kazakhstan and India

Annotation

In this abstract is made a comparative analysis of development of telemedicine in India and Kazakhstan in the last two years and the advantage of telemedicine in practical medicine.

Key words:telemedicine, India, Kazakhstan, comparative analysis, information technologies.

Introduction. Telemedicine-a term that was firstly invented in 1970s years, which means, —healing at a distance”. In other words, telemedicine is a new field, where the progressive technologies of ICT work together with medicine. [1] This field gives many opportunities, the main one is economy of human resources. It means that for doctors it is now notnecessity to go far away from their home or hospital to help person. In this particle time, in this century we can do it by using our smartphones. It does not matter patient need a help or doctor need a consultation, by using the new technologies of telemedicine, we can receive medical care even staying far away from the hospital.

This field is now good developing in all over the world. For example in Kazakhstan in South- Kazakhstan region, the telemedicine has already worked 10 years. In comparison with India, where telemedicine started to work with pilot projects in the year 2001, already 16 years. [2]

Research goal.To make a comparison between two going forward countries: Kazakhstan and India

Materials and methods.Internet resources, the information of world health organization, data of using the telemedicine in Regional-clinical hospital in Shymkent, Excel application.

Results and discussions. From the table below (table 1.) how often in the last two years was the telemedicine used in consultation with regions that are far away from city. So in Maktaral Central Regional Hospital help of the Regional clinical hospital of Shymkentwas used the most frequently: 691 consultation in 2015 years and 609 consultation in 2016 year. The les number of consultation was in Ordabasy: only 137 consultation in 2015 and 55 consultation in 2016. The fact is that in 2016 the number of consultation was 405 less that in 2015.

Table 1 - The number of consultations in different South-Kazakhstan regions in years 2015 and 2016

I Total I 4794 | 4389

The diagram below shows the result of table 1 in Russian language to make it more visible and clearly to understand

The table 2 shows the number of telemedicine consultation of different doctors through the adult population in year 2015 and 2016. How we can see the most popular expert is neurologist: 910 consultation in 2015 and 605 in 2016. The less number of consultation has nephrologist: 133 consultation in 2015 and 110 consultation in 2016. Adult Population (total 1934)

Table 2 - The number of telemedicine consultation through adult population in years 2015 and 2016

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Diagram 2. The number of telemedicine consultation through adult population in years 2015 and 2016

The third table represents the number of telemedicine consultation through child population in years 2015 and 2016. It is clearly seen, that the most popular doctor is pulmonologist: 425 consultation in year 2015 and 580 consultation in year 2016. Child Population (total 2455)

Table 3 - The number of telemedicine consultation through child population in years 2015 and 2016

What about telemedicine in India. It is very difficult to find out some diagram or tables, but if we can see on the map below, nowadays there are 8 large centers of telemedicine in this country. And the development of telemedicine is supported by Department if Information Technology(DIT), India Space Research Organization, NEC Telemedicine program for North-Eastern states , Apollo Hospitals., Asia Heart foundation, State government, Telemedicine technology also supported by some other private organization.

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Conclusion.How we can see the telemedicine in Kazakhstan now is well developed, but in a very narrowfield. It works only for consultationsand we have not possibility to have a contact with doctors from another country. India has already had this opportunity. It means that this technologies more developed in India than in Kazakhstan. Nevertheless, we should evolve this field more and more every year.

Conflict of interests. Nowadays telemedicine is active developed all over the world.The good example of it can be the comparative analysis of development of telemedicine in two countries: Kazakhstan and India, to this was devoted thisscientific work. The main advantage of telemedicine is economy of human resources and time, also opportunity to have a contact with doctors from all over the world, nonetheless this field is not so good developed. In case of danger to health or critical condition of the health, when the doctor is far away from the patientThere is not any technologies to use for example mobile phone to receive a medical care. That is why we should develop this field more and more every year to save people’s life even if patients are far away from good medical care.

References

1. —Telemedicine. Opportunities and developments in member states” - global observatory foe e-Health series. Volume 2. World Health Organization. URL:http://www.who.int/goe/publications/ehealth_series_vol2/en/
2. —Telemedicine in Rural India” - PLoS Med. 2006 Mar; 3(3): e82. Published online 2006 Mar
3. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030082
4. The wall street Jornal —How Telemedicine Is Transforming Health Care”-By MELINDA BECK June 26, 2016 10:10 p.m. ET