Water treatment by the coagulation

Summary

Natural to use and to clean water is used in the form of a thin disperal colloid coagulation method. The amount of reagent cleanse or coagulant in water with the help of more ammonium salts and iron, aluminum oxide Al2(SO4)3 ҒеСІ3 iron chloride, sulfate acid and iron Fe/SO4/3, oxidized iron sulfate FeS04, etc.

Key words: coagulation, aluminum oxide, dissociation, hydro acids, water treatment.

Natural to use and to clean water is used in the form of a thin disperal colloid coagulation method.

Intensive cleaning water coagulation process and instrumentation concentration to reduce the amount of bacteria can be measured with a small amount of additives. The amount of reagent cleanse or coagulant in water with the help of more ammonium salts and iron, aluminum oxide Al2(SO4)3 ҒеСІ3 iron chloride, sulfate acid and iron Fe/SOVs, oxidized iron sulfate FeS04, etc.

When coagulant in water dissociation. As a result of this will be equivalent cation coagulant. АІ^3+. Ғе³⁺, Ғе²⁺ ion is in contact with them, cation adsorption layer negative impact. Colloids reduces pollution.

The size of the colloid to establish equilibrium adsorption layer of cations and priority intervention coagulant hydrolysis.

As a result of the hydrolysis appears in the center of pH and low solubility in aluminum and iron hydro acids or their salts.

The top of the soil adsorption of colloidal particles in the colloidal particles increases the hydro-acid coagulation is soluble in water, and chloride are electrolytes absorbed or stalled filter.

Hydrolysis due to an increase in hydrogen ion concentration of the mixture to inhibit hydrolysis mixture.In addition, the pH of the low-dimensional colloidal acid reduces the occurrence of coagulation [1].

1І + ІСС)'!>СС); + І<)

If the acid water a little longer, he adds chalk. Ca(OH)2 or soda Na2CO3.

Coagulant increases much longer. In this case, more profitable and more efficient use of chlorine. Coagulant is chlorine in the water and at the same time, clean water and improve the process of organic colloid. In order to use stoichiometric equations hydrolysis reagent is as follows:

A12(SO4)3+3Ca(HCO3)2+6H2O=2A1(OH)3 +3CaSO4 1+ 6Н2СО3;

2ҒеСІз+ЗСа(НСОз)2+6Н2О=2Ре(ОН)з +ЗСаСІ2 1 + 6H2CO3;

Fe2(SO4)3+3Ca(HCO3)2+6H2O=2Fe(OH)3 +3CaSO4 1+ 6Н2СО3;

FeSO4+Ca(HCO3)2+2H2O=Fe(OH)2 +CaS04 1+ 2Н2СО3;

FeSO4 hydrolyzed iron parrot is soluble in water, and at the end of the coagulation pH 9 + 9,5 two valent iron, changes three iron. Hydroxide coagulant of the low pH environment.

This large amount of dissolved oxygen in the water /1mL Fe2\ 0,14 mg 02 and pH 7,5 +8 / the lower the pH of the yeast two-valent iron deficiency hend.

Two valent appears in the opening of the three-valent iron chloride.In this case, the loss of chlorine in the 0,24 mg and 1 mg FeS)4.

Substances suspended in order to accelerate the deposition of inorganic coagulant and an inorganic coagulant and a high molecular weight polymer flocculants to reduce interaction (1,2,3,4).

An impact on clean water in the coagulation process. pH and temperature conditions of pollution, the use of a coagulant reagent gently leads to interference in other situations. Coagulant is less refined, open the case and, in certain circumstances may be another type of pollution to clean water.

Coagulant is compatible with a large amount of water quickly leads to the formation of flakes and people who prefer to forecast calculations Coagulant is determined by the size of the SNIP 9.04.02-84 anhydrous Fe(SO4), Al(SO4), FeCI3-muddy water during processing, including 25 to 80mg/l. High color coagulating water Coagulant size is determined by the following formula:

Dk = 4^C

where: C water-color, grad.

Whatever the formula to determine the optimum coagulant, does not think all of the pollution.

Coagulant found to be the optimum size of experimental. Coagulation test is determined by each of the known natural and water resources.

This work is a specific purpose, coagulation methodical study to determine the optimum dose and the type of cleaning water coagulation [2].

Determine signs

The method and the result of the experience of passing. For the passage of a multi-experience is the inspection of 3-4 liters of contaminated water from the garden pH is acid. The measured concentration of the substance and other dirty things.

Part 1. Determine the amount of the coagulant

Glass cylinder (2) to check up to 200ml of wastewater (3) fills the bowl after pipette (4) connection Al2(SO4)3 or other coagulant added to the amount shown in table 1 repetition 6 times in this research.

91

1- switch, 2 - Nesler cylinder, 3- wastewater, 4- pipette, 5- Al (SO4)3, - 1% solution, 6 - electric mixer, 7- рН-

121, 8 - рН- metr glasses required, 9- Photocolorimeter KFK-2MP

Figure 1 - Coagulation method of wastewater treatment equipment

Speed of the slices on the results of the research. Flakes down the first and last time determine the amount of the coagulant optimal [3].

Acid of the water to be tested, defines the measured concentrations of the substances and pollution.

Through this experience in graphic form.The pH of the coagulant coagulant the size of a full-time time termination of coagulant dose - the amount of suspended solids in the water.

Such charts contaminated edit

Under the influence of a mixture of water purification reagents (lighting) degree reagents developed by the density of water before and after the process is determined by the change in optical density is equal to the wavelength = 300-500 nm, photo colorimeter 2 of the FSC (9) are conducted. Compare used as a solution in distilled water.

Literature

1. Воронов Ю. В. Водоотведение и очистка сточных вод : учебник. — изд. 4-е, доп. и перераб.. — М.: Изд-во Ассоциации строительных вузов, 2006. — 702 с.
2. Кузнецов И.Е., Троицкая Т.М. «Защита воздушного бассейна от загрязнения вредными веществами химической предприятий» - М: Химия, 1979.
   1. 1. Goodman J.C. Textbook/ Aviation and the Environment. Nova Science, 2009