SUMMARY
In the period of acute respiratory diseases’ outbreak, the sore throat is the cause of the frequent visits of people to the drug-store. At OTC drugs’ delivery for treating sore throat, a pharmacist must follow the certain recommendations.
Key words: sore throat, patient, pharmaceutical aid, drug dispening aspects, treatment.
The sore throat is a common symptom coming together with a “cold”. The very symptom may be a result of the following diseases: angina, tonsillitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis. Along with viruses the following dangerous agents such as hemolytic streptococcus being also the cause of scarlet fever, diphtheria bacillus being also the cause of whooping cough can cause the sore throat. At streptococcal angina there is a possibility of having serious health complications such as rheumatism and glomerulonephritis [1]. It is important to know and remember this while dispensing over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Thus, the patients coming to the drug-store and looking for OTC drugs in order to treat angina have to be divided into two groups: those who need an urgent doctor’s advice and those who do not. A pharmacist must exclude the presence of the “threatening” symptoms in patients such as difficulty in breathing, inability to swallow saliva, sharp tonsil enlargement, coated and ulcerated tonsils, vivid throat erythema, lymph node tenderness at palpation, and temperature rise by 38-38.5, sore throat together with awful headaches and earaches [2]. It is necessary to recommend a patient to consult a doctor.
When there are none of the mentioned above “threatening” symptoms, the expected treatment of sore throat is possible. Pharmaceutical companies offer a wide range of OTC drugs for expected treatment of sore throat. As active materials these drugs contain antiseptics, essential oils, and in some cases, local anesthetics. These drugs are manufactured in dosage forms for the local use: aerosol sprays, lozenges (pills, pastilles, rapid dissolving tablets) [3, 4]. A pharmacist must recommend to a patient suffering from sore throat the following: 1. A lot of warm drinking. 2. Gargarism using antiseptics, and astringent drugs, every 2-3 hours. 3. Abstinence of smoking, drinking alcohol, eating cold, hot or spicy food. 4. Applying warm heat to the neck area when not having fever. 5. Before using aerosol spray, a patient needs to rinse his/her mouth with warm water, remove the flip-off seal, put on the spray tube, press it 2 or 3 times from above until the solution gets into the spay tube and starts spaying. Then you insert the spray tube into the mouth and spray the drug holding one’s breathe on either side.
You keep the drug in the oral cavity for 3-5 minutes and do not eat and drink anything the following 30-60 minutes after the dispersion. The spay tube has to be flushed with hot water before and after its use. One does not need to inhale aerosol sprays for treating sore throat. Children can take the aerosols at the age written in instruction under the term that a child does not stand against any objects in his oral cavity and can manage his breathing and cooperate( they are usually children elder than 6-8). 6. Lozenges (pills, pastilles, rapid dissolving tablets) must be kept in the mouth until entirely dissolved and not be crunched. After taking lozenges one does not have to eat or drink for 2 hours. Patients suffering from diabetes mellitus have to be recommended lozenges with caution especially in cases when sugar is used as a sweetener. Such patients must by all means consult a doctor.
Children are allowed to take lozenges and pastilles from the age given in the instructions assuming that they can dissolve them.7. If the sore throat remains during the three days it is urgently recommended to visit a doctor. a
Thus, a pharmacist must always remember that assurance of an accurate diagnosis is not his /her competency and is impossible in a drug-store. Consulting a doctor in “extreme situations” is obligatory.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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