The Republic of Kazakhstan is situated at the heart of Eurasia and is the world’s 9th largest country.
25th October, 1990 is a special date for the citizens of Kazakhstan. It symbolizes the end of the old history and the beginning of a new one.
The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan
On 25th October 1990, date of the independence of Kazakhstan became a turning point in Kazakhstan's development. the Declaration of Independence was the first fundamental legislation of the new country. It is a legal, political and ideological document expressing the very principles of the realities of human existence, mostly human rights and protection of freedom, ownership, political plurality and division of powers. these fundaments became the base of the Constitution.
On 16th December, 1991 Kazakhstan adopted the Constitutional Law on the independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In 2001 Kazakhstan celebrated the 10th anniversary of its independence.
As an independent state, Kazakhstan inherited both positive and negative legacies from the former Soviet Union. On the upside, Kazakhstan was a relatively industrialized economy with developed infrastructure, high levels of literacy, skilled and educated labour force.
The downside factors included a lack of traditions in democratic governance, no experience in living under a market economy, significant risks of domestic confrontations along ethnic, religious or ideological lines, terrible environmental problems brought about by the Soviet military programmes and careless management of natural resources.
Kazakhstan is a very young independent state. But during this short period, large-scale institutional changes have occurred in the country. The people of Kazakhstan voted for a presidential form of government. A two- chamber Parliament was established, a court system created, the new capital determined. Fundamental national legislation was passed on the economy, social security and security. More recently, executive powers such as the Armed Forces, the Republican Guard, the Frontier Troops and the Navy were created.
The economy has been radically transformed to a market economy, able to be integrated into the world economy. Kazakhstan has become a leading attractor of foreign investments in the CIS and Eastern Europe. Reforms are being carried out in social services and pensions.
There are 16 political parties and over 2,500 non-governmental organizations in the country, ensuring political plurality and social stability.
Kazakhstan has voluntarily refused to host nuclear weapons on its territory and declared itself as a nuclear-free country.
Kazakhstan's foreign policy has aimed to achieve international guarantees of Kazakhstan's sovereignty and independence. Much work has been done in establishing friendly relationships with foreign countries. Over 120 countries have officially recognized and have diplomatic relationships with Kazakhstan, which is a full and active member of the UN and is strengthening its cooperation with the most authoritative international organizations including the EU, the EBRD, the IMF, MAGATE, the Red Cross, UNICEF and UNESCO. Kazakhstan has joined over 40 multilateral and over 700 bilateral agreements and treaties.
Now we can say with confidence that Kazakhstan has an internationally acknowledged government and occupies a worthy place amongst world economies.
Today Kazakhstan focuses all efforts at joining the world’s 50 most competitive countries. In this regard Kazakhstan works strenuously at enhancing potential of local industry and exceeding opportunities for small business, improving life conditions of vulnerable groups of society, developing health service and educational system, and providing opportunities for realization for all people, despite gender, race, and religion accessories.
References
Http:/www.kz.undp.org
Http:/www.orexca.com